Background
The Allied Health Professions workforce comprises a significantly large group of National Health Service workers. There is great potential for harnessing the benefits of research in healthcare by this workforce group. A strategy for research and innovation was published to support the set ambitions of achieving a 0.9% increase in Allied Health Professions, Nursing and Midwifery research capacity by 2030. This article provides an assessment of the current knowledge of Allied Health Professions’ research capacity and culture within the United Kingdom through a systematic review of the available literature.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted between September 2022 and May 2023. The databases used were Ebsco’s CINAHL Complete, Medline and SportDiscus, Pubmed and APA PsycInfo hosted by Proquest. Covidence was used to identify 80 articles, covering a 39-year period. The articles included any of the 14 Allied Health Professions as identified within the United Kingdom and were focused on research capacity and culture issues.
Results
The studies were largely quantitative (51%) followed by qualitative (27%) and mixed methods (19%). Commonly used validated tools in the studies are the Research Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of research survey, the BARRIERS scale, the Research Capacity and Culture tool, the Edmonton Research Orientation survey, the New World Kirkpatrick Model, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and the Victor tool. Enablers to research identified revolved around the presence of collaborations/links/networks, research support, research training/skills development, protected research time, personal factors (motivation/interest/desire/commitment), research communication and research opportunities. Reported barriers had issues to do with lack of protected time, lack of research skills/knowledge/experience, lack of support, workload/work pressures, lack of funds, sustainable research pathways, staffing, nature of working (part-time/inflexible), not being fully prepared for research from college and personal factors. Professions included in most articles were Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, Radiography, Speech and Language Therapy, Dietetics and Podiatry.
Conclusion
This scoping review highlighted a variety of ways that have been utilised to explore research capacity and culture within Allied Health Professions in the United Kingdom. However, there is room to further develop research capacity and culture within this workforce group if the set target is to be realised.