Ten-year growth and mortality in young Douglas-fir stands experiencing a range in Swiss needle cast severity

Maguire, Douglas A.; Mainwaring, Douglas B.; Kanaskie, Alan

doi:10.1139/x11-114

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Disease emergence is associated with increased colonization of needles, stomatal plugging, inoculum load, loss of needles, needle chlorosis, and reduced growth. Nonetheless, to date SNC does not cause tree mortality [2]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Several studies and plot networks have documented growth impacts across the region, with general estimates for the epidemic area north of Newport, Oregon, south of Astoria, Oregon and west of the crest of the Oregon Coast Range at about 23% reduced growth for plantation Douglas-fir [2,6]. A new research and monitoring plot network is currently being installed from the California border to SW Washington and inland about 50 km (35 miles) from the coast by the SNCC [15,16] that will allow broader inference about impacts to tree growth, as well as epidemiology research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf wetness, humidity, and rainfall during spore dispersal in May-August is also important and is associated with improved fungal germination. Needle retention is correlated with growth as well as disease severity [1,2,6,11]. Therefore, most models focus on needle retention because it is easier to evaluate in the field and correlates well with tree growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, most models focus on needle retention because it is easier to evaluate in the field and correlates well with tree growth. Maguire et al [2,6] have shown that tree growth is directly related to needle retention and when needle retention drops below 3.2 years, growth loss is proportional to needle retention, with 2 years of needle retention estimated to be associated with 30% growth reduction. Spatial landscape patterns of needle retention have been estimated by several modeling groups [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…menziesii) in the Pacific Northwest [1][2][3]. The fungus is native to western North America, and is common wherever the host tree is grown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results

Ritóková

Shaw

Filip

et al. 2016

Forests

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Swiss needle cast (SNC), a foliar disease specific to Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), is caused by an endemic Ascomycete fungus (Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii). In the late 1980s and early 1990s significant symptoms began to appear in coastal Oregon, and these have been associated with the planting of Douglas-fir in the Sitka spruce zone, leaf wetness during potential spore dispersal in May-August, and mild winter temperature. The first annual aerial survey was initiated in 1996 and has continued through 2015, which indicates a significant increase in area of visible symptoms from the air, increasing from 53,050 ha in 1996 to 238,705 ha in 2015. Monitoring plots in the NW Oregon Coast Range verified impacts of SNC on tree growth and productivity, with growth reductions averaging about 23% in the epidemic area linked to needle retention. A series of monitoring plots was set up in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon and 590 10-23-year old Douglas-fir trees in 59 stands were tracked for 10 years, measured in 2001, 2006, and 2011. No measureable growth impacts were noted in this region of Oregon. A new plot network is being installed throughout the Oregon and southwest Washington coastal ranges as a means of monitoring future disease impact and providing framework for additional studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…menziesii) in the Pacific Northwest [1][2][3]. The fungus is native to western North America, and is common wherever the host tree is grown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results

Ritóková

Shaw

Filip

et al. 2016

Forests

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Regional patterns of increasing Swiss needle cast impacts on Douglas‐fir growth with warming temperatures

Lee

Beedlow

Waschmann

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The fungal pathogen, Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii, causing Swiss needle cast (SNC) occurs wherever Douglas‐fir is found but disease damage is believed to be limited in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW) to the Coast Range of Oregon and Washington (Hansen et al., Plant Disease, 2000, 84, 773; Rosso & Hansen, Phytopathology, 2003, 93, 790; Shaw, et al., Journal of Forestry, 2011, 109, 109). However, knowledge remains limited on the history and spatial distribution of SNC impacts in the PNW. We reconstructed the history of SNC impacts on mature Douglas‐fir trees based on tree‐ring width chronologies from western Oregon. Our findings show that SNC impacts on growth occur wherever Douglas‐fir is found and is not limited to the coastal fog zone. The spatiotemporal patterns of growth impact from SNC disease were synchronous across the region, displayed periodicities of 12–40 years, and strongly correlated with winter and summer temperatures and summer precipitation. The primary climatic factor limiting pathogen dynamics varied spatially by location, topography, and elevation. SNC impacts were least severe in the first half of the 20th century when climatic conditions during the warm phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (1924–1945) were less conducive to pathogen development. At low‐ to mid‐elevations, SNC impacts were most severe in 1984–1986 following several decades of warmer winters and cooler, wetter summers including a high summer precipitation anomaly in 1983. At high elevations on the west slope of the Cascade Range, SNC impacts peaked several years later and were the greatest in the 1990s, a period of warmer winter temperatures. Climate change is predicted to result in warmer winters and will likely continue to increase SNC severity at higher elevations, north along the coast from northern Oregon to British Columbia, and inland where low winter temperatures currently limit growth of the pathogen. Our findings indicate that SNC may become a significant forest health problem in areas of the PNW beyond the coastal fog zone.

show abstract

Environmental variables associated withNothophaeocryptopus gaeumanniipopulation structure and Swiss needle cast severity in Western Oregon and Washington

Bennett

Stone

2019

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environment has a strong influence on the abundance and distribution of plant pathogenic organisms and plays a major role in plant disease. Climatological factors may also alter the dynamics of the interactions between plant pathogens and their hosts. Nothophaeocryptopus (=Phaeocryptopus) gaeumannii, the causal agent of Swiss needle cast (SNC) of Douglas‐fir, is endemic to western North America where it exists as two sympatric, reproductively isolated lineages. The abundance of this fungus and the severity of SNC are strongly influenced by climate. We used statistical and population genetic analyses to examine relationships between environment, pathogen population structure, and SNC severity. Although N. gaeumannii Lineage 2 in western Oregon and Washington was most abundant where SNC symptoms were most severe, we did not detect a significant relationship between Lineage 2 and disease severity. Warmer winter temperatures were inversely correlated with foliage retention (AFR) and positively correlated with the relative abundance of Lineage 2 (PL2). However when distance inland, which was strongly correlated with both AFR and PL2, was included in the model, there was no significant relationship between Lineage 2 and AFR. Spring/early summer dew point temperatures also were positively associated with total N. gaeumannii abundance (colonization index (CI)) and inversely correlated with AFR. Warmer summer mean temperatures were associated with lower CI and higher AFR. Our results suggest that the two lineages have overlapping environmental optima, but slightly different tolerance ranges. Lineage 2 was absent from more inland sites where winters are colder and summers are warm and dry, while Lineage 1 occurred at most sites across an environmental gradient suggesting broader environmental tolerance. These relationships suggest that climate influences the abundance and distribution of this ecologically important plant pathogen and may have played a role in the evolutionary divergence of these two cryptic fungal lineages.

show abstract

Ten-year growth and mortality in young Douglas-fir stands experiencing a range in Swiss needle cast severity

Cited by 32 publications

References 28 publications

Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results

Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results

Regional patterns of increasing Swiss needle cast impacts on Douglas‐fir growth with warming temperatures

Environmental variables associated withNothophaeocryptopus gaeumanniipopulation structure and Swiss needle cast severity in Western Oregon and Washington

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About