Ten-Year Comparison of the Influence of Organic and Conventional Crop Management Practices on the Content of Flavonoids in Tomatoes

Mitchell, Alyson E.; Hong, Yun Jeong; Koh, Eunmi; Barrett, Diane M.; Bryant, D. E.; Denison, R. Ford; Kaffka, Stephen

doi:10.1021/jf070344+

Cited by 263 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The results of content of total flavonoids were different from those obtained by Bortolo et al (2009) andPacheco et al (2011); according to these studies, the variation of water availability did not interfere with the concentration of this phenolic compound for the calendula crop. Mitchell et al (2007) found that the levels of flavonoids in tomato plants increase in the presence of organic fertilization. Borella et al (2011) observed that the content of total flavonoids did not show significant differences for the treatments using chemical fertilization and organic fertilization in calendula.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

Aleman

Marques

2016

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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A B S T R A C TThe therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines and pesticides has increased the need to define cultivation parameters for medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of essential oil and flavonoids of chamomile under irrigation levels and organic fertilizer doses. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Campus II of the University of Western São Paulo, in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in triple factorial (6 x 2 x 3), corresponding to irrigation depths (150, 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)), organic fertilizers (poultry manure and cattle manure) and the fertilizer doses (0, 3 and 5 kg m -2 ), with four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: capitulum dry matter, and content and yield of essential oil and flavonoids. For the tested conditions, it is recommended to use 5 kg m -2 poultry manure and water depth equivalent to 150% ETo for the production of essential oil and flavonoid.Irrigação e adubação orgânica na produção de óleo essencial e flavonoides em camomila R E S U M O A eficácia terapêutica de fitoterápicos e fitofármacos tem aumentado a necessidade de definir parâmetros de cultivo para plantas medicinais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a produção de óleo essencial e flavonoides da camomila quanto a lâminas de irrigação e doses de adubo orgânico. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental do Campus II, da Universidade do Oeste Paulista, na cidade de Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial triplo (6 x 2 x 3), sendo a lâmina de irrigação (150, 100, 75, 50, 25 e 0% da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo)), o adubo orgânico (esterco de aves e esterco bovino curtido) e a dose do adubo (0, 3 e 5 kg m -2 ) e quatro repetições. Foram avaliados a massa seca de capítulos florais, o teor e o rendimento de óleo essencial e o flavonoide; para as condições testadas recomenda-se utilizar 5 kg m -2 de esterco de ave e lâmina de irrigação equivalente a 150% ETo para a produção de óleo essencial e flavonoide. IntroductionChamomile is a medicinal and aromatic plant of great importance for the cosmetic and phytotherapeutic industry. It is the medicinal plant of greatest economic expression in the South region with cultivated area of 2,000 thousand ha in Paraná (Corrêa Júnior & Scheffer, 2014).Irrigation management consists in the rational use of water in order to meet the requirements of the plants, increasing production and water use efficiency (Shock & Wang, 2011;Pinto et al., 2014;Afshar et al., 2014). The water balance is one way of managing irrigation, considering the processes of absorption, conduction and loss of water. The difference between the water absorbed and lost by the plant is a relevant factor for the metabolic processes of adjustment of the plant (Bilibio et al., 2010).In situations of water deficit, medicinal plants can activate the secondary metaboli...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

Aleman

Marques

2016

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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“…A long-term study (10 years) of tomatoes in organic and conventional plots showed that quercetin, naringenin and kaempferol content was higher in tomatoes from organic plots and the differences increased along with the cultivation year. These differences were ascribed to the lesser amount of available nitrogen [76]. According to Szafirowska and Elkner [77], higher content of soluble phenols and total flavonoids in organic pepper as compared to conventional one was found.…”

Section: Effect Of Managementmentioning

confidence: 96%

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Heimler

Romani

Ieri

2017

Eur Food Res Technol

131

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relevance of scientific studies on this subject. Taking into account the reviews published since 2008, a general overlook on the research topics can emphasize the main current fields in which the research is presently developed. The different subjects which may be inferred are: problems in the analytical assays of polyphenols [1][2][3][4][5], polyphenols composition of fruits and vegetables [6][7][8][9][10], the fate of polyphenols in postharvest technology [11, 12], chemistry and biochemistry [13][14][15][16], polyphenols and food [17][18][19][20][21], polyphenols and health [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. From this short survey which takes into account only partly the last years, the great number and variety of researches on these plants metabolites can be pointed out. There is a lack of reviews on the relations between polyphenols content, fertilization and agriculture practice, with the exception of a recent review on the possibility of differentiating organic practice by means of secondary plant metabolites in carrots [29], and the review of Stefanelli et al. [18] focused on horticulture quality under minimal nitrogen and water supply.The aim of this review is concerned with the relationships between polyphenols content, fertilization and agricultural practice correlated to soil management. Effect of nitrogen and/or potassium fertilizationAs summed up by Nguyen and Niemeyer [30], the carbon/nitrogen balance (CNB) pathways can be taken into account when studying the effect of nitrogen fertilization on phenolic content. Phenylalanine is the rate-limiting precursor for phenylpropanoid synthesis (e.g., lignin, flavonoids and condensed tannins), and at the same time, it is an essential amino acid for protein synthesis. Plant growth is heavily dependent on protein synthesis for the manufacture of photosynthetic, biosynthetic and regulatory enzymes, as well as for structural protein, and phenolic synthesis Abstract The review deals with polyphenol content of vegetables and fruits under different experimental conditions. The effect of fertilizers, mainly nitrogen containing fertilizers, on qualitative and especially quantitative content of the polyphenols mixture, was reviewed. Soil nitrogen affects both anthocyanins and flavonoids content, and generally, a higher polyphenolic content is observed when less nitrogen fertilizer is added to the soil. Also the effect of different agricultural management (conventional, organic, biodynamic, integrate) is reviewed with respect to polyphenols. In this case, a major effect has pointed out in the case of vegetables, while agricultural practice affects in a minimal way fruits polyphenols content. The effect of different management is, however, hardly pointed out, since many environmental factors are involved and affect polyphenols biosynthetic pathway.

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“…Among the benefits reported from the adoption of agroecological practices include increased profitability [11,75]; comparable yields and pest controls [76][77][78][79]; improved water use efficiency in horticultural crops [80], as well as crop performance during drought years [78]; improved soil quality and organic matter content [77,78]; improved and more uniform Nitrogen mineralization, increased organic matter content and soil microbial activity in rotations with tomato [81]; improved biodiversity, ecosystem services, and resilience at both the farm and landscape levels [20,36,75,82,83] and as observed in Kiwi fruit orchards [84]; an improved sustainability index as observed with cacao in Mexico [39,85]; improved nutritional profiles, as observed on long-term trials with tomato [75,86,87]; as well as a reduction of pesticide residues in the body [75,86,88,89], including in children [90]. In turn, the greater ecological balance obtained in agroecological systems through crop diversification and increased soil health often results in a greater activity of above-and below-ground beneficial organisms, resulting in enhanced internal biocontrol mechanisms on the farm [76,79].…”

Section: Research Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agroecology: A Global Paradigm to Challenge Mainstream Industrial Agriculture

Valenzuela

2016

Horticulturae

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Considerable controversy continues to exist in scientific and policy circles about how to tackle issues of global hunger, malnutrition, and rural economic decline, as well as environmental issues, such as biodiversity loss and climate change adaptation. On the one hand, powerful vested interests, with close ties to government, media, and academic institutions, propose high-input technology-based solutions, speculative and neoliberal "market-based" solutions, and export-oriented agricultural models. On the other hand, an international scientific and grassroots Food Movement has emerged, calling for a redesign of the Global Food System in support of small-scale agroecological farming systems. A call to re-evaluate our current Food Systems was made in 2008 by the International Assessment of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD). Here, using the IAASTD study as a backdrop, we review the recent literature to outline key contentious points in the controversy between the need for high-input and "techno-based" versus agroecological farming models. A critical assessment is made of proposed strategies to protect soil resources, improve nutrient and energy cycles, protect agrobiodiversity, and promote social well-being in rural communities. With an increase in the number of affluent consumers (i.e., the middle class) in the developing world, and with the continued problem of extreme and chronic poverty with other larger sectors of society, Organic Farming and Agroecology models are put forward as a sound social, scientific, and rural development strategy.

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Ten-Year Comparison of the Influence of Organic and Conventional Crop Management Practices on the Content of Flavonoids in Tomatoes

Cited by 263 publications

References 24 publications

Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Agroecology: A Global Paradigm to Challenge Mainstream Industrial Agriculture

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