Ten guiding principles for youth mental health services

Hughes, Frank; Hebel, Lisa; Badcock, Paul B.; Parker, Alexandra G.

doi:10.1111/eip.12429

Cited by 29 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…It is highly unlikely that a single model of service delivery will work across the extreme diversity of this country based on geography, politics, culture and level of available mental health resources nor is it feasible to import a model in its entirety that has shown some effectiveness in another country. The principles governing transformation of youth mental health services have, however, been well articulated (Birchwood & Singh, ; Hughes, Hebel, Badcock, & Parker, ; Malla et al, ; McGorry, ) and need to be adhered to in any form of service transformation. Briefly, these principles include youth participation at all levels, creation of youth‐friendly stigma‐free services, optimistic culture of care, early intervention, focus on social and vocational outcomes, services to be based on epidemiological estimates of rates of mental disorders in youth, elimination of discontinuities at times of age transitions and linkages to other relevant services (McGorry, Bates, & Birchwood, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Canadian response to need for transformation of youth mental health services: ACCESS Open Minds (Esprits ouverts)

Malla

Iyer

Shah

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim Youth mental health is of paramount significance to society globally. Given early onset of mental disorders and the inadequate access to appropriate services, a meaningful service transformation, based on globally recognized principles, is necessary. The aim of this paper is to describe a national Canadian project designed to achieve transformation of mental health services and to evaluate the impact of such transformation on individual and system related outcomes. Method We describe a model for transformation of services for youth with mental health and substance abuse problems across 14 geographically, linguistically and culturally diverse sites, including large and small urban, rural, First Nations and Inuit communities as well as homeless youth and a post‐secondary educational setting. The principles guiding service transformation and objectives are identical across all sites but the method to achieve them varies depending on prevailing resources, culture, geography and the population to be served and how each community can best utilize the extra resources for transformation. Results Each site is engaged in community mapping of services followed by training, active stakeholder engagement with youth and families, early case identification initiatives, providing rapid access (within 72 hours) to an assessment of the presenting problems, facilitating connection to an appropriate service within 30 days (if required) with no transition based on age within the 11 to 25 age group and a structured evaluation to track outcomes over the period of the study. Conclusions Service transformation that is likely to achieve substantial change involves very detailed and carefully orchestrated processes guided by a set of values, principles, clear objectives, training and evaluation. The evidence gathered from this project can form the basis for scaling up youth mental health services in Canada across a variety of environments.

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confidence: 99%

Canadian response to need for transformation of youth mental health services: ACCESS Open Minds (Esprits ouverts)

Malla

Iyer

Shah

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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“…It identified the following features of a SPA: a) a single point of contact for a range of universal services covering advice, consultation, assessment and onward referral; b) early risk assessment; c) prompt decisionmaking about which team can best meet the child/young person's needs; and d) the ability for young people and parents to self-refer [23]. These goals align with changes that have been identified to improve access in Canada, Australia, Ireland and the US [25][26][27][28]. For example, the changes follow models of improving provision of mental health care by altering provider behaviour and in this model, the provider becomes the mental health service itself, and so brings mental health expertise closer to young people's initial point of contact in the hope that this will improve the quality of care decisions [14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Introducing a single point of access (SPA) to child and adolescent mental health services in England: a mixed-methods observational study

Rocks

Glogowska

Stepney

et al. 2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background: In many high-income countries, primary care practitioners are the main point of referral for specialist mental health services. In England, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) are increasingly adopting a Single Point of Access (SPA) to streamline referrals and introduce self and parent/carer-referrals. This involves a significant shift of responsibility from primary care towards CAMHS who adopt a more active role as gatekeeper for their service. This study evaluates the adoption of a SPA in CAMHS across a large region in England. Methods: We conducted an observational mixed methods study in two CAMHS from January 2018 to March 2019 to evaluate the adoption of a SPA. We collected quantitative data from electronic patient records and qualitative data through ethnographic observation and in-depth interviews of staff and stakeholders with experience of using CAMHS. Additional data on volumes was shared directly from the SPAs and a further snapshot of 1 week's users was collected. Results: A similar SPA model emerged across the two services. Staff were positive about what the model could achieve and access rates grew quickly following awareness-raising activities. Despite the initial focus being on a telephone line, online referrals became the more regularly used referral method. Increased access brought challenges in terms of resourcing, including identifying the right staff for the role of call handlers. A further challenge was to impose consistency on triage decisions, which required structured information collection during the assessment process. Similar to GP referrals, those self-referring via the SPA were mainly from the least deprived areas.

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“…Single services have been developed in the UK (e.g., Norfolk Youth Service, Forward Thinking Birmingham), US (Supporting Positive Opportunities with Teens), Israel (Adolescent Health Service), and Singapore (Community Health Assessment Team). No single-service model constitutes best practice (Hetrick et al 2017), and guiding principles for youth mental health services have been published to inform the development of services (Hughes et al 2018).…”

Section: Youth-friendly Service Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Care Transition from Child/Adolescents to Adult Services

Tuomainen¹,

Appleton²,

Singh³

2020

Mental Health and Illness Worldwide

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Ten guiding principles for youth mental health services

Abstract: The 10 principles identified may be useful for quality improvement and are likely to have international relevance. We suggest the timely pursuit of an international consensus on guiding principles for service delivery under the auspices of a peak body for YMH.

Cited by 29 publications

References 51 publications

Canadian response to need for transformation of youth mental health services: ACCESS Open Minds (Esprits ouverts)

Canadian response to need for transformation of youth mental health services: ACCESS Open Minds (Esprits ouverts)

Introducing a single point of access (SPA) to child and adolescent mental health services in England: a mixed-methods observational study

Care Transition from Child/Adolescents to Adult Services

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