Ten Events That Defined Anthelmintic Resistance Research

Sangster, Nicholas C.; Cowling, Ann; Woodgate, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2018.05.001

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Although it is not widespread, resistance has already developed to two new active ingredients, monepantel and derquantel. This was despite spiroindole-derquantel-being marketed as a combination product to slow the development of resistance [48]. All of these highlight the urgent need to identify risk factors associated with AR development, to inform future recommendations on sustainable parasite control [49].…”

Section: Anthelmintic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of AR can be limited by ensuring that the parasites are exposed to an effective drug dose and to consider the timing and frequency of anthelmintic drug treatments so that only a small proportion of the population is exposed to the anthelmintic [51]. The main factors for the selection for anthelmintic resistance are high-treatment frequency, [52] underdosing and the use of the same anthelmintic class over several years [48]. These factors, individually or in combination, together with the risk of underdosing and continued use of one class of anthelmintics, irrespective of efficacy status are frequently encountered factors enhancing development of anthelmintic resistance [53].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Development Of Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors, individually or in combination, together with the risk of underdosing and continued use of one class of anthelmintics, irrespective of efficacy status are frequently encountered factors enhancing development of anthelmintic resistance [53]. Underestimation of real weight has a potential to lead to underdosing, which can contribute to the development of AR [48]. The results of a South African study attributed AR observed in goats to underdosing caused by visual appraisal of an animal to estimate its weight as opposed to the actual weighing before dosing to determine the correct anthelmintic dosage [31].…”

Section: Risk Factors For Development Of Armentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthelmintic Resistance in Livestock

Mphahlele¹,

Molefe²,

Tsotetsi-Khambule³

2020

Helminthiasis

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For decades anthelmintics have been used as the primary control measure for worm infections in livestock. However, there has been continuous development of anthelmintic resistance (AR) by the parasitic worms infecting livestock. This chapter reviews AR in livestock with a special focus on treatment and control, modes of action of different anthelmintic classes, risk factors leading to development of AR, conventional and molecular tools used to detect AR, FAMACHA© and holistic control strategy to control anthelmintic resistance.

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Section: Anthelmintic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factors For Development Of Armentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Risk Factors For Development Of Armentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anthelmintic Resistance in Livestock

Mphahlele¹,

Molefe²,

Tsotetsi-Khambule³

2020

Helminthiasis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has resulted in the selection for AR in nematodes against the main groups of anthelmintics, the benzimidazoles (BZs), the imidazothiazoles/tetrahydropyrimidines and the macrocylic lactones (MLs) and across multiple GIN species [12][13][14]. Currently, AR against BZs is the most common form, but the prevalence of multi-drug resistance is increasing [15][16][17]. New anthelmintics such as derquantel and monepantel have been developed, however, resistance against monepantel has already been described only two years after its introduction [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency of benzimidazole resistance alleles in trichostrongyloids from Austrian sheep flocks in an alpine transhumance management system

Hinney

Schoiswohl

Melville

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Infections of small ruminants with trichostrongyloid nematodes often result in reduced productivity and may be detrimental to the host. Anthelmintic resistance (AR) against most anthelmintic drug classes is now widespread amongst the trichostrongyloids. Baseline establishment, followed by regular monitoring of the level of AR, is necessary for farmers and veterinarians to make informed decisions about parasite management. The detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a sensitive method to detect AR against benzimidazoles (BZs), one of the most widely used anthelmintic classes. Alpine transhumance constitutes a special type of pasturing of sheep from many different farms, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of benzimidazole resistance alleles in this particular management system. Results: Sixteen sheep flocks in Styria and Salzburg in Austria were examined by pyrosequencing for SNPs at codons 167, 198 and 200 of the isotype-1 β-tubulin gene. The frequency of the resistance-associated exchange F200Y was 87–100% for H. contortus, 77–100% for T. colubriformis and <5–66% for T. circumcincta. Additionally, the F167Y polymorphism was detected in T. colubriformis from two farms at a frequency of 19% and 23% respectively. Conclusions: The high resistance allele frequency in H. contortus and T. colubriformis in the examined sheep population urgently calls for the development of new treatment strategies to sustainably control trichostrongyloid infections for this kind of pasturing, since the frequent mixing of flocks during the alpine summer grazing must be considered an important risk factor for the spread of resistant nematodes to a large number of farms.

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“…A.suum and is rising in human populations (reviewed in Sangster et al, 2018), this will prove 400 critical in the control and treatment of these major pathogens. 401…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the pathway of Rhodoquinone biosynthesis inC.elegans

Lautens

Dolan

et al. 2019

Preprint

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20Parasitic helminths infect over a billion humans. To survive in the low oxygen environment 21 of their hosts, these parasites use unusual anaerobic metabolism. This requires 22Rhodoquinone (RQ), an electron carrier that is made by very few animal species -23 crucially it is not present in any parasitic hosts. RQ synthesis is thus an ideal target for 24 anthelmintics but little is known about how RQ is made and no drugs are known to block 25 RQ synthesis. C.elegans makes RQ and can use RQ-dependent metabolic pathways -here, 26we use C.elegans genetics to identify the pathway for RQ synthesis and show that C.elegans 27 requires RQ for survival in hypoxic conditions. Finally, we establish a robust assay for 28 drugs that block RQ-dependent metabolism. This study identifies for the first time how RQ 29 is made in any animal and establishes a novel assay that can drive the development of a 30 new class of anthelmintic drugs. 31 32

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Ten Events That Defined Anthelmintic Resistance Research

Cited by 87 publications

References 43 publications

Anthelmintic Resistance in Livestock

Anthelmintic Resistance in Livestock

High frequency of benzimidazole resistance alleles in trichostrongyloids from Austrian sheep flocks in an alpine transhumance management system

Identification of the pathway of Rhodoquinone biosynthesis inC.elegans

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