“…Research has demonstrated that deficiencies in IFT20, IFT52, IFT80, and IFT88 during mouse limb development can result in skeletal abnormalities (Kitami et al, 2019;Chinipardaz et al, 2022;Guleria et al, 2022;Yamaguchi et al, 2022;Chen and He, 2023). Moreover, mutations in IFT25, IFT27 interfere with the Hedgehog signaling pathway (Keady et al, 2012;Eguether et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2015;Ge et al, 2021), while silencing of IFT80 diminishes Hedgehog signaling but enhances Wnt signaling, underscoring the ability of primary cilia to modulate Hedgehog and Wnt signaling for the regulation of cartilage development (Yang and Wang, 2012;Wang et al, 2013).…”