Temporospatial expression of placental lactogen and prolactin‐related protein‐1 genes in the bovine placenta and uterus during pregnancy

Patel, Osman V.; Kizaki, Keiichiro; Todoroki, Junichi; Takahashi, Toshio; Imai, Kyoichi; Schuler, Linda A.; Hashizume, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1002/mrd.20119

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Evidence exists that protein expression in BCs is affected by anatomical location (Wooding et al 1996, Patel et al 2004b, and such differences in synthetic capacity appear to be more under maternal than foetal influence, since both cotyledonary and intercotyledonary tissues are exposed to a similar foetal environment (Wooding et al 1996). The presence of higher concentrations of bPL in IVP calves in the first hour after birth, along with higher concentrations in the allantoic fluid, suggests that a 'leakage' occurs from placental tissue to the foetal circulation, since no or negligible transfer of PL appears to occur from the maternal to the foetal circulation in sheep (Reddy & Watkins 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

Bertolini¹,

Wallace²,

Anderson³

2006

Reproduction

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Bovine conceptus development and its association with placental proteins present in maternal, foetal and neonatal plasma and foetal (amniotic and allantoic) fluids were investigated in in vivo-and in vitro-produced (IVP) concepti and newborn calves. Females were superovulated to obtain control embryos, whereas IVP embryos were derived from established in vitro procedures. Pregnant animals were slaughtered on days 90 or 180 of gestation or allowed to develop to term for the assessment of physical traits. Foetal, maternal and neonatal blood and foetal fluids were collected for the determination of bovine placental lactogen (bPL) and bovine pregnancy-specific protein B (bPSPB) concentrations. Placental transcripts for bPL and bPSPB, determined by quantitative RT-PCR, were elevated in IVP placentomes. No major physical differences were observed between groups on day 90, but concentrations of bPL and bPSPB were higher in foetal plasma and allantoic fluid of IVP concepti in day 180 pregnancies, which were correlated with larger uterine and conceptus traits. Maternal concentrations of bPL in IVP pregnancies were lower than controls during the last 8 weeks of gestation, to become similar as parturition approached. Newborn IVP calves and foetal membranes were larger and displayed higher concentrations of plasma bPL than controls (10 and 60 min after birth). Our results indicated that differential patterns of secretion of bPL and bPSPB into the maternal and foetal systems occurred at distinct stages of gestation, and these were associated with altered conceptus development after in vitro embryo manipulations, indirectly demonstrating deviations in placental function in IVP pregnancies. Reproduction (2006) 131 163-173 IntroductionWith the onset of the trophoblast apposition to the endometrium during the process of bovine placenta formation and development, large granulated cells, the trophoblast binucleate cells (BCs), migrate from the trophectoderm to fuse with uterine epithelial cells (Wooding 1992), forming short-lived trinucleate cells. This phenomenon occurs throughout pregnancy in cattle, but the number and period of existence of trinucleate cells decline towards the end of gestation (Wooding 1992, Green et al. 2000. Binucleate cells comprise about 20% of the trophoblast cells and are responsible for hormones and bioactive products important for the regulation of foetal growth and development (Anthony et al. 1995, Green et al. 2000, Schlafer et al. 2000. The contents of the membranebounded secretory granules of BCs are released by exocytosis towards the maternal capillary bed, reaching the maternal blood system (Wooding 1992). Many proteins are produced by the BCs, including placental lactogen (PL) and a range of glycoproteins (Wooding 1992), such as pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB) (Butler et al. 1982).PL lactogen is a member of the growth hormone (GH)/prolactin (PRL) gene family synthesized and stored in secretory granules of the trophoblast BCs (Byatt et al. 1992a, Wooding 1992, Gootwine 2004. Although ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

Bertolini¹,

Wallace²,

Anderson³

2006

Reproduction

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“…Consequently, the nature of fetal-maternal interactions can be quite distinct between these species, especially in the ability to deliver placental protein directly into the maternal system. Many proteins, such as the PAGs, placental lactogen, and the prolactin-related proteins, are located within secretory granules of binucleated trophoblasts (Duello et al 1986, Faria et al 1990, Xie et al 1991, Green et al 2000, Patel et al 2004a. Upon release of the secretory granules, the binucleated cell-expressed proteins are delivered to the maternal uterine connective tissue and some of these can make their way into the maternal blood circulation , Zoli et al 1992.…”

Section: Temporal and Spatial Expression Of Pags In The Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

et al. 2015

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Pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) are abundantly expressed products of the placenta of species within the Cetartiodactyla order (even-toed ungulates). They are restricted to this order and they are particularly numerous in the Bovidae. The PAGs exhibit a range of temporal and spatial expression patterns by the placental trophoblasts and probably represent a group of related proteins that perform a range of distinct functions in the epitheliochorial and synepitheliochorial placental forms. This review presents an overview of the origins of the PAGs, a summary of PAG expression patterns, and their use as markers of pregnancy status. Speculations about their putative role(s) in pregnancy are also presented.Reproduction (2015) 149 R115-R126

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“…PLs, PRPs, and uterine milk protein have been identified as other genes whose expression increased along with the progress of gestation; these changes were observed around day 60. Some of these genes were localized in trophoblastic binucleate cells (BNCs) [30][31][32][33][34]. These CAR-and/or ICAR-specific expression genes may play functional roles in implantation and early placentation.…”

Section: Gene Expression Profiles In the Extraembryonic Membrane And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Uteroplacental-specific Molecules and Their Functions During Implantation and Placentation in the Bovine

Hashizume

2007

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. In cattle, the mechanisms underlying implantation and placental development are still unclear. Synepitheliochorial placentation in cattle is noninvasive, and thus generates limited interest in terms of degradation and remodeling of endometrial tissues. The overall purpose of this study was three-fold: (1) to examine the gene circuitry around the implantation window, (2) to understand development of the placenta during the peri-implantation period by using a uteroplacental cDNA microarray, and (3) to study the roles of molecules involved in endometrial remodeling. Bovine trophoblastic binucleate cell-specific molecules, such as pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs), placental lactogen (PL), and prolactin-related proteins (PRPs), were markedly expressed in binucleate cells (BNCs) around implantation. The expression of PRP-1 was specific to the caruncular (CAR) area of the gravid uterine horn. Gelatinases (MMP-2 and -9) in association with heparanase may be central to endometrial remodeling. In situ hybridization analyses of PAGs, PRPs, PL, and heparanase suggested that BNCs expressed these molecules simultaneously. Future studies will further investigate the specific roles of these molecules in placentogenesis. The uteroplacental cDNA microarray presented cascades of molecular signatures not only for the endometrium but also for the intricate dialogue at the level of the feto-maternal interface in cattle. Placentome morphogenesis potentially parallels the dynamic multigenic circuitry and regulates the cell cycle in the endometrium. The roles of BNCs and their secreted molecules remain an enigma, particularly with regard to the adhesion process and endometrial remodeling, which is the focus of this study.

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Temporospatial expression of placental lactogen and prolactin‐related protein‐1 genes in the bovine placenta and uterus during pregnancy

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

Expression profile and protein levels of placental products as indirect measures of placental function in in vitro-derived bovine pregnancies

Placental PAGs: gene origins, expression patterns, and use as markers of pregnancy

Analysis of Uteroplacental-specific Molecules and Their Functions During Implantation and Placentation in the Bovine

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