Temporomandibular Joint

Iturriaga, Verónica; Bornhardt, Thomas; Velasquez, Nicol

doi:10.1016/j.cden.2022.11.003

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It articulates the mandible with the temporal bone of the human skull to regulate its movements. It has two condyles at both ends of the mandible and functions simultaneously [ 1 ]. TMJ has a unique mechanism in which there is no contact between the articular surfaces of the bones with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional and positional temporomandibular joint osseous characteristics in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders

et al. 2023

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Objective This study evaluated the dimensional and positional osseous temporomandibular joint features in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders. Methods A total of 165 adult patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 79 patients; 158 joints): temporomandibular disorders patients and group 2 (n = 86 patients; 172 joints): non-temporomandibular disorders patients. Three-dimensional positional and dimensional temporomandibular joint characteristics, including glenoid fossa, mandibular condyles, and joint spaces, were assessed by cone beam computed tomography. Results The glenoid fossa positions in the three orthogonal planes and height showed statistical significance between the two studied groups. The temporomandibular disorders patients showed higher horizontal and vertical condyle inclinations while anteroposterior inclination was less, and the condyle was positioned more superior, anterior, and lateral in the glenoid fossa. The condyle width and length showed no significance between the two groups, while condyle height was smaller in temporomandibular disorders patients. Anterior and medial joint spaces increased while the superior and posterior joint spaces reduced in temporomandibular disorders patients. Conclusion There were significant differences between the patients with and without temporomandibular joint disorders in terms of mandibular fossa positions and height as well as condylar positions and inclinations in horizontal and vertical planes together with reduced condylar height and reduced posterior and superior joint spaces in the temporomandibular disorders patients. Clinical relevance The temporomandibular disorder is a multifactorial disorder in which one of these factors is the dimensional and positional characteristics of the temporomandibular joints; including or excluding this factor requires a comprehensive three-dimensional investigation of patients with TMD compared to the normal group under the condition that the facial pattern is average as a confounding factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional and positional temporomandibular joint osseous characteristics in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders

et al. 2023

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“…The reason behind this phenomenon could be that as most fractures arise from blunt trauma forces to the anterior of the mandible, these forces are transmitted to the condylar area. The movement of this area is limited posteriorly by the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule, the lateral pterygoid muscles, and the glenoid fossa 5–7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The movement of this area is limited posteriorly by the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule, the lateral pterygoid muscles, and the glenoid fossa. [5][6][7] Condylar fractures can clinically present as limited ability to open the mouth, malocclusion, facial deformity, and TMJ disorders. In conjunction with these clinical signs and symptoms, a diagnosis can be confirmed by X-ray.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservative management and follow‐up of bilateral condylar fractures in pediatric patients: A case report

Nourwali,

Aljohani

2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessageConservative treatment of bilateral condylar fractures, including intermaxillary fixation using arch bars and elastic bands, yields satisfactory results in pediatric patients. Therefore, the conservative approach should be considered the first line of treatment for bilateral condylar mandibular fractures in pediatric patients.AbstractRoad traffic accidents (RTAs) are considered the leading cause of mortality and morbidity of children and adults in Saudi Arabia. Head injuries and fractures are the most common form of injuries resulting from RTAs, with mandibular fractures being the most common head injury; condylar fractures are the most frequent type of mandibular fracture. A review of the literature reveals diverse opinions about the best approach for treating bilateral condylar fractures in pediatric patients. The findings of the literature review are reported in this study. The case presented here shows the result of adopting a conservative approach to treating a bilateral extracapsular displaced condylar fracture. An elastic band was fixed onto intermaxillary fixation (IMF) screws at the midline upper and lower jaws; the patient was followed up for almost 3 years. The conservative approach yielded excellent results, as both condyles were fully repositioned and healed, without causing any deviation or limitation of the mouth opening. The results of this case support considering the conservative approach as the first line of treatment for bilateral condylar mandibular fractures in pediatric patients.

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“…The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex joint with the mandibular fossa, articular process, and mandibular condyle as its skeletal components [1,2]. As a synovial joint, it performs the most complicated movements of all human joints, creating three-dimensional motion [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Space Analysis Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography Imaging in Patients Diagnosed with Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis and Occlusal Changes

Park,

Seo,

Kim

et al. 2023

J Oral Med Pain

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This pilot study aimed to evaluate changes in joint space (JS) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients diagnosed with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) and to determine the association between occlusal changes and JS.Methods: Methods: CBCT images were used to measure the anterior, superior, and posterior JSs of the sagittal plane. The differences in JS values over time and between groups were compared. The percentage change in the anteroposterior position of the mandibular condyle between groups was also analyzed.Results: Results: Thirty-four subjects (mean age=43.91±20.13), comprising eight males (23.5%) and 26 females (76.5%), were divided into 18 patients with no change in occlusion (NCO) and 16 patients with a change in occlusion (CO) during TMJ OA. The JS measurements of the study subjects showed a decrease in anterior joint space (AJS) values over time. There was no difference in JS measurements between the groups at T1 and T2. AJS values measured at T1 were lower in the CO group than in the NCO group, but the difference was not statistically significant. In both groups, a posterior position of the mandibular condyle was initially observed with high frequency. However, there is a statistically significant difference in CBCT images taken after occlusal changes, with an increased frequency of condyles observed in the anterior or central positions. Conclusions: Conclusions:In conclusion, AJS decreased over time in TMJ OA, and the mandibular condyle became more anteriorly positioned with occlusal changes. Therefore, clinicians should diligently monitor mandibular condyle morphology and JS using CBCT, along with the patient's clinical symptoms, to treat and control TMJ OA effectively.

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Temporomandibular Joint

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Dimensional and positional temporomandibular joint osseous characteristics in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders

Dimensional and positional temporomandibular joint osseous characteristics in normodivergent facial patterns with and without temporomandibular disorders

Conservative management and follow‐up of bilateral condylar fractures in pediatric patients: A case report

Joint Space Analysis Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography Imaging in Patients Diagnosed with Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis and Occlusal Changes

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