Temporomandibular joint morphology and disc position in skeletal class III patients

A hypothesis on the desired postoperative position of the condyle in orthognathic surgery: a review

“…Although bilateral temporomandibular joint morphology is similar among cases with symmetry, it is noticeably different among cases with asymmetry 21 . In particular, the degree of mandibular deviation along the condylar long axis varies with mandibular movement 38 .…”

“…21 The incidence of internal derangement in asymmetrical prognathia patients is higher than in symmetrical mandibular prognathia, and this difference is associated with the difference in TMJ morphology of both sides. 21 Anterior disc displacement has been observed mostly on the deviated side in patients with mandibular deviation.…”

“…21 The incidence of internal derangement in asymmetrical prognathia patients is higher than in symmetrical mandibular prognathia, and this difference is associated with the difference in TMJ morphology of both sides. 21 Anterior disc displacement has been observed mostly on the deviated side in patients with mandibular deviation. 20,21,23,24 On the other hand, although there was no description regarding skeletal and occlusal patterns, MRI studies of symptom-free subjects have shown disc displacement in 33% of these subjects with clinically normal, undisturbed jaw function.…”

“…21 Anterior disc displacement has been observed mostly on the deviated side in patients with mandibular deviation. 20,21,23,24 On the other hand, although there was no description regarding skeletal and occlusal patterns, MRI studies of symptom-free subjects have shown disc displacement in 33% of these subjects with clinically normal, undisturbed jaw function. 25,26 These results have led many authors to speculate that, in some instances, anterior disk displacement may be an anatomic variant or a precursor to TMJ dysfunction rather than a pathologic condition.…”

Comparison of maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for occlusal cant correction surgery and maxillary advanced surgery

“…Symmetrical facial apparatus and symmetrical smile line are essential to get the esthetical improvement. Moreover, in our previous study, the incidence of disc displacement in temporomandibular joint was 18.2% in the class III symmetry group and 56.8% in the class III asymmetry group 12 . These results suggest that asymmetry increases the occurrence of TMJ dysfunction.…”