Temporomandibular joint anterior disc displacement with reduction in a young population: Prevalence and risk indicators

Abstract

The present findings indicate that prevalence of ADDR increases with age, with a peak during the years of adolescence. Biomechanical factors seem to play a significant role in ADDR development.

Relationship between Age-Dependent Body Constitution and Temporomandibular Joint Sounds in Adolescents

“…The results of this investigation corroborate the hypothesis that anatomical variations can influence the onset of TMJ clicking sounds in adolescents [6,19]. The authors assume that taller girls can be featured by a low muscle tonus and weakness of the ligaments due to the rapid body growth.…”

“…This pathologic movement is caused by a displacement of the articular disc (DD) with reduction [19]. The latter is a condition that implicates little or no discomfort for the patient, yet it can induce pain or limitations in jaw movements especially while chewing [6,20]. Previous investigations assumed that a TMJ clicking examined in adolescents can be explained by differences in the growth of the maxilla or the mandible and can be interpreted as a sign of adaption [8].…”

“…The gap between prevalence values might be due to the ethnicity of the participants, as previous investigations revealed that anatomical structures, e.g., the angulation of the articular eminence, varies between different ethnical groups [4]. In general, differences in the growth of the maxilla and the mandible in adolescents might lead to an incongruence of the condyle and the articular eminence, and consequently foster TMJ sounds that were, for example, caused by disc displacements (DD) [5,6]. Therefore, the age of young patients seems to be an influencing factor for joint sounds [6].…”

“…In general, differences in the growth of the maxilla and the mandible in adolescents might lead to an incongruence of the condyle and the articular eminence, and consequently foster TMJ sounds that were, for example, caused by disc displacements (DD) [5,6]. Therefore, the age of young patients seems to be an influencing factor for joint sounds [6]. Moreover, sex [7][8][9] and psychosocial characteristics [10] might be risk factors for TMJ sounds, yet their influence is controversially discussed.…”

“…Moreover, sex [7][8][9] and psychosocial characteristics [10] might be risk factors for TMJ sounds, yet their influence is controversially discussed. A recent investigation observed that psychosocial factors barely influence DD, and it described that some habits like pen biting can act as a risk factor for DD in adolescents [6]. Another reason for TMJ sounds might be the hypermobility of the TMJ.…”