Temporomandibular Disorder in University Students of the <i>Parque das Rosas Campus, Universidade Estácio de Sá</i> That Practice Sports

Abstract

The stomatognathic system (SS) is a functional unit of the body that depends on the balance of several tissues. It consists of various structures, including the temporomandibular joint. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) can occur due to alterations in the SS. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) is a scale used to evaluate and to characterize the TMD Type: no DTM, mild, moderate and severe. The aim is to evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms related to TMD in university students of the Parque das Rosas Campus, Universidade Estácio de Sá that practice sports. This investigation was approved (CAAE number 325678413.9.0000.5284). Two hundred eighth * Corresponding author. R. P. Cabral et al.19 students (110 male and 98 female, aged 19 -35 years) accepted to be in this investigation. All the participants answered a General Questionnaire (GQ) and the FAI. The GQ had questions about the age, sex and the presence of TMD. The FAI was used. A statistical difference (p > 0.05) was not found about the presence of TMD. Among the female, an elevated number of the students with signal or symptoms related to the temporomandibular with statistic significance (p < 0.05) was observed. In the population without TMD, the prevalence of this disorder is higher between male than female. Considering the FAI, among the female students, there is a prevalence of the Mild Type. Considering the evaluation of the type of TMD among the male and female students no difference was found between male and female to the types mild and moderate, however, the prevalence of the severe Type is higher in female than in male with statistical significance. In conclusion, TMD is a relevant clinical condition with an important prevalence among the university students. Moreover, the type of the TMD could be considered due to prevalence of the Type Severe among the women.

Frequency and Severity of Temporomandibular Disorders Among Weightlifters at Fitness Centers in a Subset Population of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

“…Several studies have investigated the gender differences in TMD prevalence and severity. In a survey conducted by Cabral et al, it was observed that signs and symptoms related to TMD were more prevalent among females than males [ 21 ]. A study from Saudi Arabia using Fonesca’s index and Zung anxiety scale found that 62.8% of female participants had high levels of anxiety in relation to TMD [ 22 ].…”

Temporomandibular Disorders and Perceived Emotional Stress Among Medical and Dental Students Studying in a Private Medical Institution in Kathmandu, Nepal

“…1 The presenting features of TMD includes pain in the pre-auricular area, TMJ or masticatory muscles, Journal of Nepalese Prosthodontic Society (JNPS) restriction,limitation or deviation in mandibular motions, clicking in the TMJ during mandibular movements and fatigue of the head and neck muscles which are not associated to any growth and development disorders, systemic diseases and trauma. [1][2][3][4][5] Multifactorial etiologies ofTMD include occlusal disharmony, oral habits, dysfunction of masticatory muscles and adjacent structures, emotional stress and extrinsic and intrinsic changes on TMJ structure. [1][2][3][4][5][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Studies have shown a high prevalence (60-70%) of TMD in general populations showing at least one sign of the disorder in a lifetime but only 5% of them seek for the treatment.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Multifactorial etiologies ofTMD include occlusal disharmony, oral habits, dysfunction of masticatory muscles and adjacent structures, emotional stress and extrinsic and intrinsic changes on TMJ structure. [1][2][3][4][5][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Studies have shown a high prevalence (60-70%) of TMD in general populations showing at least one sign of the disorder in a lifetime but only 5% of them seek for the treatment. 1,5 Studies among the undergraduate university students have shown 40-70% prevalence of TMD.…”

“…1,5 Studies among the undergraduate university students have shown 40-70% prevalence of TMD. [4][5][6] Studies in the Indian subcontinent university students have shown a prevalence of 45-65% of TMD. 12,13 Study on preclinical dental students of one of the dental colleges in Nepal has shown a prevalence of 38.66%.…”

“…Fonseca Amnestic Index (FAI) developed from Helkimo's index, is used to evaluate and to characterize the TMD signs and symptoms in a short period of time, with low cost, easy understanding and having no influence of the evaluator in the answers of the question. 1,2,4,[6][7][8] Several studies have reported the relationship between TMDs and stress affects parafuctional activities by the limbic system that influences muscle activity. Millan has reported the molecules involved in the mechanism of stress are same associated with the pain resulting in impaired sensation of pain in stressful situations.…”