TEMPORARY STERILITY PRODUCED IN MALE MICE BY 5-THIO-d-GLUCOSE

Zysk, John R.; Bushway, Alfred A.; Whistler, Roy L.; Carlton, William W.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0450069

Cited by 81 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Cryptorchidism has been associated with degenerative changes in both Sertoli cells and germ cells [28,29]. Testis energy is provided mostly by glucose, which is the preferred substrate in mammals [30,31], and most germ cell protein s y n t h e s i s i s u n d e r t h e c o n t r o l o f g l u c o s e metabolism [32]. Degenerative changes in the cryptorchid testis m ay be asso ciated with decreased Glut 3 (glucose transporter)-mediated glucose transport in the seminiferous tubules and spermatogonia [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Experimental Cryptorchidism on Sperm Motility and Testicular Endocrinology in Adult Male Rats

Ren

Medan

Ozu

et al. 2006

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. The effect of induced cryptorchidism on testicular function and sperm motility was investigated. Bilateral cryptorchidism was created surgically in adult male rats (treated group), and sham-operated rats were used as a control group. Five rats from each group were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after surgery. The percentage of motile spermatozoa began to decrease 1 day after the operation, followed by an abrupt decline 3 and 5 days later in cryptorchid rats. Furthermore, there were significant decreases in the other sperm motility parameters 5 days after inducement of cryptorchidism. In cryptorchid rats, plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, testosterone, and inhibin B were significantly lower than in the control group 1 day after the operation. Thereafter, plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, and testosterone gradually increased in the cryptorchid rats. On the other hand, plasma concentrations of inhibin B showed a further decline from day 3 after the operation onward. Concentrations of immunoreactive (ir)-inhibin, but not testosterone, in testicular interstitial fluid were remarkably increased until 3 days after surgery in the cryptorchid rats, and declined thereafter. Testicular response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for testosterone release was decreased in the cryptorchid rats compared with the control rats, indicating that heat stress to testes resulted in a reduction of the activity of Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. These results clearly indicate that heat stress to the testes resulted in a significant reduction of sperm activity within 3 days, and this was followed by changes in testicular endocrine function. Key words: Cryptorchidism, Heat stress, Inhibin B, Sperm motility, Testosterone (J. Reprod. Dev. 52: [219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228] 2006) ormal testicular descent is dependent on a series of complex endocrine and mechanical interactions [1]. In most mammalian species, the testis is kept approximately 4-5 C below body temperature. This lower temperature has been shown to be important for normal germ cell development and testicular function [2,3]. A slight increase in testicular temperature for a short period results in a rapid loss of mature germ cells [4,5], and the number of primary spermatocytes and spermatids drops rapidly [6]. In the field of animal production, summer sterility is a serious problem especially in male domestic animals, such as pigs, cattle, and stallions. In the rat, testicular damage caused by cryptorchidism is reversible, if the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Experimental Cryptorchidism on Sperm Motility and Testicular Endocrinology in Adult Male Rats

Ren

Medan

Ozu

et al. 2006

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…In testes, glucose metabolism is a vital event. Spermatogenesis preservation in vivo relies on glucose metabolism despite the fact that there are low levels of this sugar in tubular liquid (Robinson and Fritz, 1981;Zysk et al, 1975). Metformin helps to restore the body's response to insulin, making it possible to produce the amount of glucose and gastrointestinal absorption needed from the liver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of sperm motility in Metformin-using and Insulin-dependent diabetics

et al. 2017

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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents one of the greatest threats to modern global health. DM may affect male reproductive function at multiple levels as a result of its effects on spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm morphology, and change in sperm structure. Method: The present study deals with sperm motility and sperm morphological changes associated with diabetes in the male population. In this study, 50 insulin-dependent and 50 metformin users were selected, with ages of males ranging from 26-54 years and duration of diabetes distributed over 3-15 years. Both insulindependent and metformin-using diabetic subjects were evaluated for sperm analysis. Results: Sperm analysis data showed a significant increase (p ±0.0005) in total sperm count in insulin-dependent diabetic men. However, sperm motility was found to be about 10-15% less in insulin-dependent patients compared to metformin users. Moreover, sperm morphology was improved in 6% of metformin users compared to insulin-dependent diabetics. Conclusion: Our study concludes that metformin does not significantly affect sperm count. However, it does significantly affect sperm motility, when compared to insulin-dependent diabetic men. This study established an important relationship between diabetes and sperm motility, which reflects the reproductive capabilities of men.

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“…In the study by Zysk et al [22] treatment of mice with thioglucose, 40 or 100 mg/kg body weight per day for three weeks, completely inhibited the development of sperm. The inhibition continued for five to eight weeks after treatment was stopped.…”

Section: Mousementioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 1975 Zysk, Bushway, Whistler, and Carlton [22] reported that spermatogenesis was completely inhibited in male mice treated with the analog of glucose, 5-thio-Dglucose. Not only did the effect appear reversible, but libido was unchanged, and the analog was active when given orally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of 5-thio-d-Glucose as an Agent for Controlling Male Fertility

1981

Archives of Andrology

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This paper reviews experimental work bearing on the feasibility of using the analog of glucose. 5-thio-~-giucose, to control human male fertility. The initial experiments in mice indicated that suitable oral doses of thioglucose caused reversible infertility unaccompanied by loss of libido or evidence of extratesticular toxicity. Subsequent work in mice and rats showed that treatment for 7 or 8 weeks appeared to cause irreversible sterility in many of the animals. In both species the smallest doses causing infertility also caused transient hyperglycemia. In rats a large dose of thioglucose was found to raise the concentration of nonesterified fatty acids in the blood and repeated smaller doses increased the excretion of catecholamines. These reports, suggesting that it can cause sterility and has extratesticular effects on metabolism, do not augur well for the acceptibility of thioglucose as a suitable chemical with which to control fertility in the human male.

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TEMPORARY STERILITY PRODUCED IN MALE MICE BY 5-THIO-d-GLUCOSE

Cited by 81 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Experimental Cryptorchidism on Sperm Motility and Testicular Endocrinology in Adult Male Rats

Effects of Experimental Cryptorchidism on Sperm Motility and Testicular Endocrinology in Adult Male Rats

Comparative study of sperm motility in Metformin-using and Insulin-dependent diabetics

Potential of 5-thio-d-Glucose as an Agent for Controlling Male Fertility

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