Abstract:Many systemic and local factors can cause paresthesia, and it is rarely caused by infections of dental origin. This report presents a case of mental nerve paresthesia caused by endodontic infection of a mandibular left second premolar. Resolution of the paresthesia began two weeks after conventional root canal treatment associated with antibiotic therapy and was completed in eight weeks. One year follow-up radiograph indicated complete healing of the radiolucent periapical lesion. The tooth was asymptomatic an… Show more
“…Finding the cause of trigeminal sensory neuropathy can be a diagnostic challenge because it can be caused by a variety of disorders. The main causes of paresthesia in the maxillofacial region are dental in origin ( 2 ), whereas other systemic causes include demyelinating diseases, connective tissue diseases, systemic infection, and primary or metastatic malignancies, and can even be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis ( 5 ). Forty-eight percent of dental causes have been attributed to a dental procedure and involve the IAN and lingual nerves ( 2 ).…”
Trigeminal sensory neuropathy can be caused by a variety of conditions, including local, traumatic, iatrogenic, or systemic causes. Diagnosis and management remain a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons and neurologists. Therefore, a good clinical examination and objective tests and imaging are needed when diagnosing patients who present with facial numbness. We present a case with spontaneous episodes of facial paresthesia. He was diagnosed with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), a rare condition that affects the peripheral nerves. Only a few case reports that describe involvement of the cranial nerves in patients with HNPP were found in the literature, and facial paresthesia has not been previously reported.
“…Finding the cause of trigeminal sensory neuropathy can be a diagnostic challenge because it can be caused by a variety of disorders. The main causes of paresthesia in the maxillofacial region are dental in origin ( 2 ), whereas other systemic causes include demyelinating diseases, connective tissue diseases, systemic infection, and primary or metastatic malignancies, and can even be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis ( 5 ). Forty-eight percent of dental causes have been attributed to a dental procedure and involve the IAN and lingual nerves ( 2 ).…”
Trigeminal sensory neuropathy can be caused by a variety of conditions, including local, traumatic, iatrogenic, or systemic causes. Diagnosis and management remain a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons and neurologists. Therefore, a good clinical examination and objective tests and imaging are needed when diagnosing patients who present with facial numbness. We present a case with spontaneous episodes of facial paresthesia. He was diagnosed with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), a rare condition that affects the peripheral nerves. Only a few case reports that describe involvement of the cranial nerves in patients with HNPP were found in the literature, and facial paresthesia has not been previously reported.
“…Following nerve injuries other than neurotmesis, the time taken for neurosensory recovery varies, depending on the type of injury and may extend over 4 months or prolong till about 2 years 33 . The various nerve repair procedures practised to restore neurosensory function include epi- or peri-neural microsurgery, use of nerve grafts and neurotrophic growth factors.…”
Purpose
The purpose of the study is to compare the surgical access and post-operative outcome of two intra-oral incisions used for approaching a mandibular body fracture.
Methods
This clinical trial involved 60 patients with mandibular body fractures who were randomly allocated to control and study groups. The fractures were approached using the routine vestibular incision in the control group and crevicular incision with vertical release in the study group. The effects of incision design on the post-surgical outcome variables like swelling, trismus, paresthesia, wound healing and gingival recession were statistically analysed with non-parametric tests by using SPSS 22.0 software. Comparison of continuous variables between the groups and time points was done using Mann Whitney test and Friedman test respectively. Chi-square test was used to compare proportions between groups. Dunn's test with Bonferroni correction was used for pair wise comparisons.
Results
The study group demonstrated favourable surgical outcome in the immediate postoperative phase as compared to the control group. The difference in mouth opening, swelling and neurosensory impairment between the two groups was found to be statistically significant (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Crevicular incision was found to be an ideal alternative to vestibular incision in achieving surgical access and fixation of mandibular body fractures with reduction in postoperative patient discomfort and better surgical outcome.
“…A mental foramen (AMF) can also be present, along with various nerve fibers (Figu 6]. Possible damage of the mental nerve can be caused by various factors, such as trauma (mandibular fracture); endodontic treatment of mandibular premolars and surgery close to this premolar area (iatrogenic factors (cyst removal)); periapical cyst, abscess, and inflammatory/periapical infections; tumor spread (oral cancer, leukemia, lymphoma (Vincent Sign, tumor spread into the nerve structure)); orthognathic surgery (BSSO-Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy/genioplasty, chin wing approaches); damage to the nerve after abscess drainage; lower lip mucocele removal/labial minor salivary gland retention cyst (nerve fiber damage); local anesthesia administration; compression of the nerve and adjacent tissue pulling; or others [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. These factors might cause transient or permanent paresthesia.…”
The usage of xenograft material is widely used in almost all oral cavity bone defects for regenerative and reconstructive purposes. The presented xenograft usage in the following care report enabled good bone defect healing and enabled the preservation of affected premolars. It is quite common to use any possible variations of bone materials to ensure bone defect improved healing. In some cases, the scope of surgeries requires the removal of each cyst within close proximity to various nerves and vessels. The inferior alveolar, infraorbital, lingual, and mental nerves are those most commonly adjacent to most operating sites in jaw bones. The usage of some additional materials such as collagen sponges, bone substitutes, resorbable membranes, or other additional materials are useful in each bone defect reconstruction but should be handled with care, as described in the following case. Before planning their usage, it is important to perform each surgery with close cone beam computed tomography imaging, which is very helpful to establish the scope of each lesion and the proximity of vital structures. There are a lot of factors that might influence any possible nerve damage, especially the different nerve anatomical variations. Even factors including the subperiosteal preparation and compression of adjacent tissues might influence later nerve function. When the lesion is expanding through the buccal cortical plate and when soft tissue fluctuation is present, some special care is needed. Similar to the presented case, a limitation in crushing, blowing, or any irritation of nerve fibers improves later postoperative outcomes. When the wound and surrounding tissues are handled with care, a limited possibility of any damage or paresthesia can occur. When the nerve itself is damaged or cut, loss of function can be permanent. Immediately after or even prophylactic prescription 1–2 days before the surgery of Vitamin B with NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) (or other additional supplementary medicaments can improve nerve function in time. Possible nerve damage can be divided into many etiological factors. A quite different situation arises when the nerve is pulled in by the cyst growth into the cyst wall. The presented case report describes the outcomes of a cyst removal from the mandibular basis and treatment modalities.
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