Temporary Environments

Polačik, Matěj; Podrabsky, Jason E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13362-1_10

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Austrolebias spp. are known to be sensitive to higher water temperatures (Errea & Danulat, ; Fonseca et al , ; Polačik & Podrabsky, ). Data from the current study indicate that annual fishes may disappear from the pools before they dry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Seasonal dynamics in community structure, abundance, body size and sex ratio in two species of Neotropical annual fishes

Lanés

Godoy

Maltchik

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Biology

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Seven ephemeral pools on the coastal plain of southern Brazil were found to be inhabited by three annual and 22 non-annual fish species. Two common annual species (Austrolebias minuano and Cynopoecilus fulgens) exhibited clear seasonal dynamics, with the appearance of young fishes in the austral autumn (May to June) and a decline in abundance over the seasonal cycle. The third annual species, Austrolebias wolterstorffii, was rare. No seasonal dynamics were observed in non-annual fishes. The relative abundance of non-annual fishes compared with annual fishes increased over the seasonal cycle, but they coexisted widely. The size structure of annual fishes suggested the presence of a single age cohort in most pools though a second age cohort was registered in one pool in August, coinciding with a large flooding. Strong sexual dimorphism in body size was found in C. fulgens throughout the seasonal cycle, while no sexual dimorphism in body size was found in A. minuano. Female-biased sex ratios were recorded in both common annual fish species in the last three sampling dates (in spring), but not during the first two sampling dates (in winter). The natural lifespan of annual fishes was <8 months. Annual fishes disappeared before habitat desiccation in half of the pools, while non-annual fishes were still present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Seasonal dynamics in community structure, abundance, body size and sex ratio in two species of Neotropical annual fishes

Lanés

Godoy

Maltchik

et al. 2016

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Diapause III occurs in the late prehatching embryo in an essentially fully formed precocial larva that has consumed the bulk of the yolk reserves (146,198). Most studies of diapause in annual killifishes have focused on bioenergetics of the profound metabolic dormancy and impressive stress tolerance associated with diapause in this lineage (148,150,151). Only recently have tools become available to address regulation of diapause and stress tolerance at the molecular level.…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of animal diapause: recent developments from nematodes, crustaceans, insects, and fish

Hand

Denlinger

Podrabsky

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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207

203

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Life cycle delays are beneficial for opportunistic species encountering suboptimal environments. Many animals display a programmed arrest of development (diapause) at some stage(s) of their development, and the diapause state may or may not be associated with some degree of metabolic depression. In this review, we will evaluate current advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the remarkable phenotype, as well as environmental cues that signal entry and termination of the state. The developmental stage at which diapause occurs dictates and constrains the mechanisms governing diapause. Considerable progress has been made in clarifying proximal mechanisms of metabolic arrest and the signaling pathways like insulin/Foxo that control gene expression patterns. Overlapping themes are also seen in mechanisms that control cell cycle arrest. Evidence is emerging for epigenetic contributions to diapause regulation via small RNAs in nematodes, crustaceans, insects, and fish. Knockdown of circadian clock genes in selected insect species supports the importance of clock genes in the photoperiodic response that cues diapause. A large suite of chaperone-like proteins, expressed during diapause, protects biological structures during long periods of energy-limited stasis. More information is needed to paint a complete picture of how environmental cues are coupled to the signal transduction that initiates the complex diapause phenotype, as well as molecular explanations for how the state is terminated. Excellent examples of molecular memory in post-dauer animals have been documented in Caenorhabditis elegans It is clear that a single suite of mechanisms does not regulate diapause across all species and developmental stages.

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“…1) is impressive but will not be reviewed here (see Stocco et al, 1972;Busa and Crowe, 1983;Clegg and Jackson, 1989;Hand, 1991;Hand and Hardewig, 1996;Warner and Clegg, 2001;Clegg, 2011;Hand et al, 2011). Annual killifish inhabit ephemeral ponds in regions of Central and South America and Africa that experience distinct dry and rainy seasons (Polacik and Podrabsky, 2015). Austrofundulus limnaeus is found in coastal desert and savanna regions on the eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo in Venenzuela (Hrbek et al, 2005).…”

Section: Diapause During the Life Cycle Of Artemia Franciscanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological strategies during animal diapause: lessons from brine shrimp and annual killifish

Podrabsky

Hand

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Diapause is a programmed state of developmental arrest that typically occurs as part of the natural developmental progression of organisms that inhabit seasonal environments. The brine shrimp Artemia franciscana and annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus share strikingly similar life histories that include embryonic diapause as a means to synchronize the growth and reproduction phases of their life history to favorable environmental conditions. In both species, respiration rate is severely depressed during diapause and thus alterations in mitochondrial physiology are a key component of the suite of characters associated with cessation of development. Here, we use these two species to illustrate the basic principles of metabolic depression at the physiological and biochemical levels. It is clear that these two species use divergent molecular mechanisms to achieve the same physiological and ecological outcomes. This pattern of convergent physiological strategies supports the importance of biochemical and physiological adaptations to cope with extreme environmental stress and suggests that inferring mechanism from transcriptomics or proteomics or metabolomics alone, without rigorous follow-up at the biochemical and physiological levels, could lead to erroneous conclusions.

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Temporary Environments

Cited by 26 publications

References 110 publications

Seasonal dynamics in community structure, abundance, body size and sex ratio in two species of Neotropical annual fishes

Seasonal dynamics in community structure, abundance, body size and sex ratio in two species of Neotropical annual fishes

Mechanisms of animal diapause: recent developments from nematodes, crustaceans, insects, and fish

Physiological strategies during animal diapause: lessons from brine shrimp and annual killifish

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