Temporal variations of radon in soil related to earthquakes

Planinić, Josip; Radolić, Vanja; Lazanin, Zeljko

doi:10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00387-0

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Radon sızıntısının, aktif faylar üzerinde daha fazla olduğu, atmosferik koşullara ve sismik faaliyetlere bağlı değişiklikler gösterdiği bilinmektedir [27,28]. Suda kolaylıkla çözünen radon, asal bir gaz olduğundan bileşik yapmaz ve yer altı sularındaki konsantrasyonu, genel hidrolojik karakteristiklerden (suyun kompozisyonu, mineralizasyonu v.b) etkilenmez.…”

Section: Radon Konsantrasyonu öLçümleriunclassified

Determination of the Fault Activities in Western Part of Sultandagi Fault by Multidisciplinary Studies

Tiryakioğlu

Baybura

Özkaymak

et al. 2015

hartek

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Section: Radon Konsantrasyonu öLçümleriunclassified

Determination of the Fault Activities in Western Part of Sultandagi Fault by Multidisciplinary Studies

Tiryakioğlu

Baybura

Özkaymak

et al. 2015

hartek

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“…In order to relate radon anomalies to earthquake occurrence, several scenarios have been proposed. Accordingly to the dilatancy-diffusion model (Scholz, 1973;Planinic et al, 2001) the radon anomalies could be related to mechanical crack growth in the volume of dilatancy or to changes in groundwater flow. Consequently either opening of new cracks, widening or closing of old cracks or redistribution of open and closed cracks can happen.…”

Section: Origin and Mechanisms Of Radon Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon as Earthquake Precursor

Immé¹,

Morelli²

2012

Earthquake Research and Analysis - Statistical Studies, Observations and Planning

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IntroductionEarthquake predictions are based mainly on the observation of precursory phenomena. However, the physical mechanism of earthquakes and precursors is at present poorly understood, because the factors and conditions governing them are so complicated. Methods of prediction based merely on precursory phenomena are therefore purely empirical and involve many practical difficulties. A seismic precursor is a phenomenon which takes place sufficiently prior to the occurrence of an earthquake. These precursors are of various kind, such as ground deformation, changes in sea-level, in tilt and strain and in earth tidal strain, foreshocks, anomalous seismicity, change in b-value, in microsismicity, in earthquake source mechanism, hypocentral migration, crustal movements, changes in seismic wave velocities, in the geomagnetic field, in telluric currents, in resistivity, in radon content, in groundwater level, in oil flow, and so on. These phenomena provide the basis for prediction of the three main parameters of an earthquake: place and time of occurrence and magnitude of the seismic event.The most important problem with all these precursors is to distinguish signals from noise. A single precursor may not be helpful, the prediction program strategy must involve an integral approach including several precursors. Moreover, in order to evaluate precursory phenomena properly and to be able to use them confidently for predictive purposes, one has to understand the physical processes that give r i s e t o t h e m . P h y s i c a l m o d e l s o f p r e c u r s o ry phenomena are classified in two broad categories: those based on fault constitutive relations, which predict fault slip behavior but no change in properties in material surrounding the fault, and those based on bulk rock constitutive relations, which predict physical property changes in a volume surrounding the fault. Nucleation and lithospheric loading models are the most prominent of the first type and the dilatancy model is of the second type. During the past two decades efforts have been made to measure anomalous emanations of geo-gases in earthquake-prone regions of the world, in particular helium, radon, hydrogen, carbon dioxide. Among them radon has been the most preferred as earthquake precursor, because it is easily detectable. Radon is found in nature in three different isotopes: 222 Rn, member of 238 U series, with an half life of 3.8 days, 220 Rn (also called thoron), member of 232 Th series, with an half life of 54.5 s and 219 Rn, member of 235 U series, with an half life of 3.92 s. Owing to his longer half-life, the most important of them is 222 Rn, produced by 226 Ra decaying. After his production in soil or rocks, 222 Rn can leave the ground crust either by www.intechopen.com Earthquake Research and Analysis -Statistical Studies, Observations and Planning

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“…Several studies have reported anomalous radon concentrations associated with seismic events (e.g. Igarashi et al, 1995;Steinitz et al, 1999;Planinic et al, 2001;Steinitz et al, 2003;Hartmann and Correspondence to: A. J. S. C. Pereira (apereira@dct.uc.pt) Levy, 2005;Yasuoka et al, 2006;Crockett et al, 2006) but the corresponding physical mechanisms are poorly understood. Since direct experiments on the effect of earthquakes on radon release are difficult to conduct, a possible alternative is to use man-made explosions as an earthquake surrogate and investigate the corresponding effect on radon concentration (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-gas radon monitoring in an active granite quarry from central Portugal

Pereira

Barbosa²,

Neves

et al. 2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Seven soil-gas radon monitoring stations were placed along the active front of a granite quarry in Canas de senhorim, Central Portugal, recording continuously for 81 days. Important differences in the radon concentration were found between stations, with average values comprised between 102 and 2982 Bq m −3 , which can be explained by the local presence of uranium anomalies in the regional lateorogenic Hercynian granite, usually associated with faults. One of the boreholes exhibits large radon anomalies lasting for several days, and two, contrary to the others, show a clear daily periodic behaviour, with minima around 19:00 LT and maxima around 07:00 LT. The different patterns observed in stations placed at such a short distance (< 100 m) has no clear explanation and deserves further investigation. Data analysis shows no evidence of soil-gas radon concentration changes during explosions carried out at the quarry. This is likely to result from the absence of a progressive stress field affecting the rock, as typically occurs before an earthquake.

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Temporal variations of radon in soil related to earthquakes

Cited by 56 publications

References 6 publications

Determination of the Fault Activities in Western Part of Sultandagi Fault by Multidisciplinary Studies

Determination of the Fault Activities in Western Part of Sultandagi Fault by Multidisciplinary Studies

Radon as Earthquake Precursor

Soil-gas radon monitoring in an active granite quarry from central Portugal

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