Temporal Variations in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity During Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Calvert-Evers, Jennifer; Hammond, Kate

doi:10.1006/cbir.2000.0570

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…atRA stimulates protein tyrosine kinase [181], and RALDH1 has been identified as a tyrosine phosphorylated protein in nasopharyngeal tissues [182]. This indicates that RALDH1 may undergo post-translational regulation by atRA, in addition to transcriptional regulation.…”

Section: Retinoid-related Processes Served By Raldh (Aldh1a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological insights into all-trans-retinoic acid biosynthesis

Napoli

2012

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

283

336

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All-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) provides essential support to diverse biological systems and physiological processes. Epithelial differentiation and its relationship to cancer and embryogenesis have typified intense areas of interest into atRA function. Recently, however, interest in atRA action in the nervous system, the immune system, energy balance and obesity has increased considerably, especially concerning postnatal function. atRA action depends on atRA biosynthesis: defects in retinoid-dependent processes increasingly relate to defects in atRA biogenesis. Considerable evidence indicates that physiological atRA biosynthesis occurs via a regulated process, consisting of a complex interaction of retinoid binding-proteins and retinoid recognizing enzymes. An accrual of biochemical, physiological and genetic data have identified specific functional outcomes for the retinol dehydrogenases, RDH1, RDH10, and DHRS9, as physiological catalysts of the first step in atRA biosynthesis, and for the retinal dehydrogenases RALDH1, RALDH2, and RALDH3, as catalysts of the second and irreversible step. Each of these enzymes associates with explicit biological processes mediated by atRA. Redundancy occurs, but seems limited. Cumulative data supports a model of interactions among these enzymes with retinoid binding-proteins, with feedback regulation and/or control by atRA via modulating gene expression of multiple participants. The ratio apo-CRBP1/holo-CRBP1 participates by influencing retinol flux into and out of storage as retinyl esters, thereby modulating substrate to support atRA biosynthesis. atRA biosynthesis requires presence of both an RDH and an RALDH: conversely, absence of one isozyme of either step does not indicate lack of atRA biosynthesis at the site.

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Section: Retinoid-related Processes Served By Raldh (Aldh1a)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological insights into all-trans-retinoic acid biosynthesis

Napoli

2012

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biolog

283

336

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“…The following step is alteration of the activity of calcium-dependent protein kinases and, therewith, protein phosphorylation, as was shown in some studies (Goldering et al, 1985;Kreutter et al, 1987;Chan, 1989;Yates et al, 1989;Yu et al, 1994;Berrie and Cobbold, 1995;Nagai, 1995;Ferrari et al, 1995;Arakane et al, 1995). Some stages of the synchronization of oscillations of the protein metabolism have been recently described in studies of the kinetics of protein kinases and phosphorylation (Ferreira et al, 1994;Hammond et al, 1998;Calvert-Evers and Hammond, 2000;Bhoola and Hammond, 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Age-related features of protein synthesis rhythm. Effects of extracellular medium

et al. 2005

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Circahoralian, or ultradian, intracellular rhythms, including protein synthesis rhythm, were described in various cells both in situ and in vitro (for reviews see Brodsky, 1975; Ultradian Rhythms …, 1992). They have been studied for a long time in the cultures of hepatocytes as well. Visualization of any rhythm in a cell culture is only possible when oscillations are synchronized due to intercellular cooperation. The rhythm expression depends on the degree of synchrony, i.e., on cooperative activity of cell in the formation of an aggregate rhythm of a cell population. The amplitude of rhythm, or range of oscillations, is a visible reflection of this cooperation. In the case when each individual cell has a rhythm, but oscillations in different cells are antiphasic, the aggregate kinetics of a population will not be oscillatory. When the phases of oscillations correspond to each other, a rhythm is visualized and, the closer the phases of oscillations of individual cells, the higher the amplitude of the aggregate rhythm.We have already shown that the amplitude of oscillations of protein synthesis intensity in the cultures of hepatocytes from old rats is lower than that from young animals (Brodsky et al. , 2001), which characterized a low cooperative activity of the cells of old animals. However, these data were preliminary: we assayed the kinetics of protein synthesis only in two old rats. In order to confirm the first observations, it was necessary to carry out experiments of a larger material and, in case of a positive result, clarify possible causes of agerelated changes and establish to what extent they are reversible.When studying intercellular cooperation, we investigated dense, fast self-synchronizing in a fresh medium, hepatocytes and sparse asynchronous cultures (Brodsky et al. , 1994(Brodsky et al. , , 1996a. We used the synchronizers we found earlier: gangliosides (Brodsky et al. , 1996a(Brodsky et al. , , 1997Zvezdina et al. , 2000). Gangliosides are cell membrane glycolipids; they are constantly secreted in extracellular medium and incorporated in other cells and affect many intracellular processes (for reviews see Hakomori, 1981Hakomori, , 2000Tettamanti and Riboni, 1994;Yates and Rampersaud, 1998). In our experiments, asynchronous sparse cultures of hepatocytes were synchronized soon after addition of a standard mix of bovine brain gangliosides (BBG: 20% GM1, 40% GD1a, 16% GD1b, and ca. 4% of others) or individual fractions (GM1 or GD1a). The synchronizing effect of gangliosides can be reproduced by a medium conditioned by dense cultures (Brodsky et al. , 1995(Brodsky et al. , , 2000b.In order to simulate the influence of gangliosides on intracellular processes, we studied their well known effect on the concentration of calcium ions in the cytoAbstract -Cell interactions have been studied in cultures pf hepatocytes from young and old rats. The rhythm of protein synthesis is an index of cell interaction and synchronization in culture, while the amplitude of oscillations characterized cell cooperation i...

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“…The short-term action of these agonists results in [Ca 2þ cyt ] oscillations and its increase in the cytoplasm of various cells in vitro including hepatocytes. In studies of protein phosphorylation by the Gilbert and Hammond groups (Bhoola and Hammond, 2000;Calvert-Evers and Hammond, 2000;Ferreira et al, 1994;Hammond et al, 2000), ultradian and more frequent rhythms of protein kinases and protein phosphatases have been revealed, as well as some modulations of these rhythms after protein phosphorylation. Chelation the cytoplasmic Ca 2þ by BAPTA-AM results in loss of the protein synthesis rhythm in dense cultures that are synchronous in normal medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of protein kinases in self‐organization of the rhythm of protein synthesis by direct cell—cell communication

Brodsky

Zvezdina

Fateeva

et al. 2007

Cell Biology International

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Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes grown on slides were studied in serum-free medium. Ultradian protein synthesis rhythm was used as a marker of synchronization of individual oscillations, resulting in the formation of a common rhythm of the cell population, i.e. cell-cell self-organization. Dense synchronous and sparse non-synchronous cultures were used to estimate effect of protein kinase activity on the kinetics of protein synthesis. Treatment of dense cultures with the inhibitors H7 (40 microM) or H8 (25 microM) resulted in a loss of the protein synthesis rhythm, a suppression of the cell-cell self-organization. Stimulation of protein kinase activity with either 0.5 or 1.0 microM phorbol 12-miristate-13-acetate (PMA) or 10 microM forskolin caused the appearance of the synthetic rhythm in non-synchronous sparse cultures under otherwise normal conditions. Inhibition of protein kinase activity with H7 resulted in signal factors, such as gangliosides and phenylephrine, failing to initiate this rhythm in sparse cultures. Activation of protein kinase activity with PMA shifted the phase pattern of the protein synthesis rhythm. Thus, according to our previous and the new data, protein kinase activity and consequently protein phosphorylation is the crucial step of sequence of processes resulting in synchronization during self-organization of cells in producing a common rhythm in the population. The general pathway can be presented as follows: signaling of gangliosides or other calcium agonists-->efflux of calcium ion from intracellular stores, with elevation of calcium concentration in the cytoplasm-->activation of protein kinases-->protein phosphorylation-->synchronization of individual oscillations in protein synthesis rates-->induction of a common rhythm throughout this population. The data have been discussed concerning similarity of the direct cell-cell communication and the cell self-organization in cultures and in organism.

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Temporal Variations in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Activity During Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Physiological insights into all-trans-retinoic acid biosynthesis

Physiological insights into all-trans-retinoic acid biosynthesis

Age-related features of protein synthesis rhythm. Effects of extracellular medium

Involvement of protein kinases in self‐organization of the rhythm of protein synthesis by direct cell—cell communication

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