Temporal Variation in Humoral and Cell‐Mediated Immune Response in a Sigmodon Hispidus Population

Lochmiller, Robert L.; Vestey, Michelle R.; McMurry, Scott T.

doi:10.2307/1939397

Cited by 75 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…There are only few data of the maturation-dependent changes of immune functions in wild animals. Some of them connected with study of the circannual rhythms showed the decrease of immunocompetence in the breading season [49,50]. The contribution of sexual maturation to the seasonal dynamic of immunocompetence was shown in field studies of humoral immune response in young C. rutilus, C. glareolus, C. rufucfnus, and field mice Apodemus agrarius.…”

Section: Maturation Rate and Immune Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Immune System in Behavioral Strategies of Reproduction

Мошкин

Gerlinskaya

Evsikov

2000

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. Since both reproduction and immunocompetence are costly, the negative reciprocal relationships between these functions were found in many species. Due to reproductive immunosuppression, some fraction of seasonally breeding populations of small mammals reproduces in the first breeding season, while others reproduce in the next one. Elevation of breeding efforts under the increased risk of mortality and the reproductive delay until recovery are the polar variants of mating behavior of parasitized individuals. However the parasite-induced changes of odor, visual or acoustic signals limit the mating success of the infected hosts. The direct influence of the immune system, regularly activated by infections, to chemicals signals can be answer to the question: why these signals are honest? Decrease of a strange infection risk by kin breeding can be a satisfactory strategy of an isolated population. Nevertheless, many species follow the inbreeding avoidance strategy, where the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes play key role in kin recognition. The advantage of MHC heterozygosity was found at the all steps of the breeding cycle; including mating choice, fertilization, pre-and postnatal development. So, the relationships between immune system and neuroendocrine regulation of behavior give proximate explanations of the evolutionary stable strategies of breeding behavior.

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Section: Maturation Rate and Immune Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Immune System in Behavioral Strategies of Reproduction

Мошкин

Gerlinskaya

Evsikov

2000

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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“…Studies have provided evidence for reduced immune function and increased infectious diseases and death rates during the winter for many vertebrates species (Afoke et al 1993, Lochmiller et al 1994. During the winter, immune factors may be low in these animals and opportunistic disease agents appear to overwhelm host defenses (Demas & Neslon 1996, 1998.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on defense parameters in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum challenged with Vibrio tapetis

Paillard¹,

Allam²,

Oubella³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

124

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Brown Ring Disease (BRD), a vibriosis affecting the clam Ruditapes philippinarum, is present on the Atlantic coasts of Western Europe and is considered to be a cold water disease. The present work investigated the effect of temperature on immune response and its relationships with BRD development. Clams maintained at different temperatures (8, 14 and 21°C) were experimentally challenged with the pathogen Vibrio tapetis, the etiologic agent of BRD. Results demonstrated significant effects of temperature on disease development and on hemolymph immune parameters including total and viable hemocyte counts, lysozyme and leucine aminopeptidase activities. Thirty days after challenge, clams maintained at 21°C displayed significantly higher values for all the measured immune parameters in comparison to specimens incubated at 14°C. Improved performance of the immune system was associated with a low BRD prevalence. The recovery process, which occured mainly at 21°C, was associated with high percentages of viable hemocytes and high activities of leucine amino-peptidase and lysozyme. This laboratory study clearly demonstrates that temperature strongly affects BRD development and clam immune response during infection. Favourable immune status at higher temperature may confer upon the clam a better capacity to fight the disease agent, and therefore to recover more easily.KEY WORDS: Immunomodulation · Temperature · Hemocyte · Leucine aminopeptidase · Lysozyme · Disease · Clam · Vibrio Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 59: [249][250][251][252][253][254][255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262] 2004 tal induction of the disease after V. tapetis challenge performed under standard conditions (14°C, 33 ‰) has shown that physiological functions such as nutrition and the immune defense system are severely affected in diseased clams , Plana 1995, Plana et al. 1996. Generally, at 14°C, the immune response in hemolymph, during the development of BRD, displays a 2-phase pattern: an early induction of cellular and humoral response in hemolymph (total hemocyte counts [THC] and enzymatic activities such as leucine aminopeptidase and lysozyme), followed by an inhibition of these defense parameters (Oubella et al. 1993, Allam et al. 2000b. In severely infected clams, a concomitant increase in THC in the extrapallial fluids is measured suggesting their mobilisation to the site of infection (Oubella et al. 1993, Allam et al. 2000a. Mass mortalities of BRD-infected clams can result from the decline of metabolic activity, sometimes associated with a septicemic invasion of V. tapetis in hemolymph and tissues (Plana et al. 1996, Allam et al. 2002.In marine invertebrates, disease prevalence is controlled by environmental factors (Harvell et al. 1999). In the case of BRD, field studies have suggested the influence of temperature on disease prevalence (Paillard et al. 1997). Along the French Atlantic coast, there is a clear boundary at the Loire river; the observed BRD prevalences...

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“…The majority of studies examining seasonal variation of immunity have focused upon cellular and humoral components (Blom, 1994;Lochmiller et al, 1994;Demas and Nelson, 1996;Nelson and Demas, 1996;Zuk and Johnsen, 1998;Gonzalez et al, 1999;Moore and Siopes, 2000;Bilbo et al, 2002a;Møller et al, 2003;Nelson, 2004), while neglecting behavioral responses to infection. These behaviors are collectively referred to as sickness behaviors and include reduced activity, decreased food (anorexia) and water (adipsia) intake leading to weight loss, and a general decline in social activities and behavior (Hart, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal modulation of sickness behavior in free-living northwestern song sparrows (Melospiza melodia morphna)

Owen-Ashley

Wingfield

2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

111

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SUMMARY A variety of vertebrate species modulate immune function on a seasonal basis to cope with seasonal energy deficits and competing life-history demands, such as reproduction. Most studies to date have focused upon seasonal variation of cellular and humoral immunity, while neglecting behavioral responses to infection. These behavioral strategies are collectively termed sickness behaviors and are hypothesized to divert energy away from normal activities to combat and overcome infection. Sickness behavior can be triggered experimentally by injecting bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we provide the first evidence for seasonal modulation of sickness behavior in a free-living animal. Male song sparrows of western Washington state (Melospiza melodia morphna) are sedentary and territorial year round, except for a brief time during molt. Treatment with LPS decreased territorial aggressive behavior of males in the winter (nonbreeding), but not in the spring (breeding). Subjects were recaptured approx. 25 h after treatment. Recaptured LPS males in the winter lost more body mass than saline-injected controls while LPS males in the spring did not. These data indicate that birds in breeding condition were relatively insensitive to the effects of LPS. On a proximate level, suppression of sickness behavior during breeding is likely mediated by seasonal differences in energy allocation, as wintering sparrows were significantly heavier and had larger subcutaneous fat reserves and lower baseline corticosterone levels than breeding birds. Ultimately, suppression of sickness behavior may represent an allocation strategy to balance current reproductive opportunities with the life-history costs of self-defense.

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Temporal Variation in Humoral and Cell‐Mediated Immune Response in a Sigmodon Hispidus Population

Cited by 75 publications

References 52 publications

The Role of the Immune System in Behavioral Strategies of Reproduction

The Role of the Immune System in Behavioral Strategies of Reproduction

Effect of temperature on defense parameters in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum challenged with Vibrio tapetis

Seasonal modulation of sickness behavior in free-living northwestern song sparrows (Melospiza melodia morphna)

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