Temporal variability of satellite chlorophyll-a as an ecological resilience indicator in the central region of the Gulf of California

Hakspiel-Segura, Cristian; Martínez-López, Aída; Delgado-Contreras, Juan Antonio; Robinson, Carlos J.; Gómez‐Gutiérrez, Jaime

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2022.102825

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Most suitably long-time series are restricted to coastal or shelf regions, due to logistical constraints of regular sampling, although satellite-derived chlorophyll concentrations are able to provide a measure of phytoplankton abundance on the global and decadal scale. Evidence of tipping points in plankton time series is relatively sparse, with only one study (to our knowledge) finding evidence of an abrupt shift in satellite-derived chlorophyll concentration, i.e., Gulf of California (Hakspiel-Segura et al, 2022) or using long-term 1660 monitoring (> 50 years), i.e., North Sea (Beaugrand et al, 2014). Of the five plankton groups studied in Beaugrand et al and Mediterranean Sea (Beaugrand et al, 2015).…”

Section: Detection Of Ecosystem Changesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation

Heinze,

Blenckner,

Brown

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemical variables occur as a result of human-induced climate forcing as well as those which are more gradual and occur over longer timescales. These abrupt changes have not yet been identified and quantified to the same extent as the more gradual ones. We review and synthesise abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemistry under human-induced climatic forcing. We specifically address the ocean carbon and oxygen cycles because the related processes of acidification and deoxygenation provide important ecosystem hazards. Since biogeochemical cycles depend also on the physical environment, we also describe the relevant changes in warming, circulation, and sea ice. We include an overview of the reversibility or irreversibility of abrupt marine biogeochemical changes. Important implications of abrupt biogeochemical changes for ecosystems are also discussed. We conclude that there is evidence for increasing occurrence and extent of abrupt changes in ocean biogeochemistry as a consequence of rising greenhouse gas emissions.

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Section: Detection Of Ecosystem Changesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation

Heinze,

Blenckner,

Brown

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…This causes a significant stratification process, which inhibits the effects of coastal upwelling along the western coast from July to October (summer-autumn), together with relatively weaker southeasterly winds [82]. However, the transition to the cold period starts during November and lasts from December to May (winter-spring), resulting in strong northwesterly seasonal winds that incite coastal upwelling and mixing processes along the eastern coast of the GC, thus increasing the phytoplanktonic biomass [34,85,86,97]. Moreover, other mechanisms such as tide mixing and direct interaction with the PO, which determine oceanographic conditions in the GC, favor high levels of phytoplanktonic material, which increases the Chl-a concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, Hakspiel-Segura et al [97] concluded that the Pacific Meridional Mode (PMM) is the principal mode of variation in the GC. The PMM modulates the development of the ENSO [109].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Variability in Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Gulf of California

López Martínez,

Farach Espinoza,

Herrera Cervantes

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The Gulf of California (GC) is the only interior sea in the Eastern Pacific Ocean and is the most important fishing area in the northwestern region of the Mexican Pacific. This study focuses on the oceanographic variability of the GC, including its southern portion, which is an area with a high flow of energy and exchange of properties with the Pacific Ocean (PO), in order to determine its role in physical–biological cycles and climate change. The purpose of this work is to analyze the sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl-a) during the period from 1998–2022 as indicators of long-term physical and biological processes, oceanographic variability, and primary production in the GC. In total, 513 subareas in the GC were analyzed, and a cluster analysis was applied to identify similar areas in terms of SST and Chl-a via the K-means method and using the silhouette coefficient (>0.5) as a metric to validate the clusters obtained. The trends of the time series of both variables were analyzed, and a fast Fourier analysis was performed to evaluate cycles in the series. A descriptive analysis of the SST and Chl-a series showed that the SST decreased from south to north. Six bioregions were identified using a combined of both SST and Chl-a data. The spectral analysis of the SST showed that the main frequencies in the six bioregions were annual and interannual (3–7 years), and the frequencies of their variations were associated with basin-level weather events, such as El Niño and La Niña. The SST in the GC showed a heating trend at an annual rate of ~0.036 °C (~0.73 °C in 20 years) and a decrease in Chl-a at an annual rate of ~0.012 mg/m3 (~0.25 mg/m3 in 20 years), with potential consequences for communities and ecosystems. Additionally, cycles of 10–13 and 15–20 years were identified, and the 10–13-year cycle explained almost 40–50% of the signal power in some regions. Moreover, mesoscale features (eddies and filaments) were identified along the GC, and they were mainly associated with the clusters of the SST. All these spatial and temporal variabilities induce conditions that generate different habitats and could explain the high biodiversity of the GC. If the warming trend of the SST and the decreasing trend of the Chl-a continue in the long term, concerns could be raised, as they can have important effects on the dynamics of this important marine ecosystem, including habitat loss for numerous native species, declines in the catches of the main fishery resources, and, consequently, support for the arrival of harmful invasive species.

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“…For instance, significant positive autocorrelations persist from one month to the next across almost all ocean regions [7]. In the Gulf of California, the satellite-observed sea surface chlorophyll exhibits a robust autocorrelation feature throughout various temporal spans during warm and cold seasons [8]. Moreover, diverse variability features in autocorrelation are evident in different seas of China [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space–Time Variations in the Long-Range Dependence of Sea Surface Chlorophyll in the East China Sea and the South China Sea

He,

2024

Fractal Fract

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Gaining insights into the space–time variations in the long-range dependence of sea surface chlorophyll is crucial for the early detection of environmental issues in oceans. To this end, 12 locations were selected along the Yangtze River and Pearl River estuaries, varying in distances from the Chinese coastline. Daily satellite-observed sea surface chlorophyll concentration data at these 12 locations were collected from the Copernicus Marine Service website, spanning from December 1997 to November 2023. The main objective of the current study is to introduce a multi-fractional generalized Cauchy model for calculating the values of Hurst exponents and quantitatively assessing the long-range dependence strength of sea surface chlorophyll at different spatial locations and time instants during the study period. Furthermore, ANOVA was utilized to detect the differences of calculated Hurst exponent values among the locations during various months and seasons. From a spatial perspective, the findings reveal a significantly stronger long-range dependence of sea surface chlorophyll in offshore regions compared to nearshore areas, with Hurst exponent values > 0.5 versus <0.5. It is noteworthy that the values of Hurst exponents at each location exhibit significant differences during various seasons, from a temporal perspective. Specifically, the long-range dependence of sea surface chlorophyll in summer in the nearshore region is weaker than in other seasons, whereas that in the offshore region is stronger than in other seasons. The study concludes that long-range dependence is inversely related to the distance from the coastline, and anthropogenic activity plays a dominant role in shaping the long-range dependence of sea surface chlorophyll in the coastal regions of China.

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Temporal variability of satellite chlorophyll-a as an ecological resilience indicator in the central region of the Gulf of California

Cited by 9 publications

References 104 publications

Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation

Reviews and syntheses: Abrupt ocean biogeochemical change under human-made climatic forcing – warming, acidification, and deoxygenation

Long-Term Variability in Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll a Concentration in the Gulf of California

Space–Time Variations in the Long-Range Dependence of Sea Surface Chlorophyll in the East China Sea and the South China Sea

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