Temporal Variability of Cortical Gyral-Sulcal Resting State Functional Activity Correlates With Fluid Intelligence

Abstract

The human cerebral cortex is highly convoluted as convex gyri and concave sulci. In the past decades, extensive studies have consistently revealed substantial differences between gyri and sulci in terms of genetics, anatomy, morphology, axonal fiber connections, and function. Although interesting findings have been reported to date to elucidate the functional difference between gyri and sulci, the temporal variability of functional activity, which could explain individual differences in learning and higher-order cognitive functions, and as well as differences in gyri and sulci, remains to be explored. The present study explored the temporal variability of cortical gyral-sulcal resting state functional activity and its association with fluid intelligence measures on the Human Connectome Project dataset. We found that the temporal variance of resting state fMRI BOLD signal was significantly larger in gyri than in sulci. We also found that the temporal variability of certain regions including middle frontal cortex, inferior parietal lobe and visual cortex was positively associated with fluid intelligence. Moreover, those regions were predominately located in gyri rather than in sulci. This study reports initial evidence for temporal variability difference of functional activity between gyri and sulci, and its association with fluid intelligence measures, and thus provides novel insights to understand the mechanism and functional relevance of gyri and sulci.

Resting-state BOLD temporal variability in sensorimotor and salience networks underlies trait emotional intelligence and explains differences in emotion regulation strategies

“…The relation between BOLD variability, trait EI and adaptive vs maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, however, can be better understood coming back to what the BOLD variability means. Several studies point out that greater BOLD variability positively influences cognitive performance 94 , fluid intelligence 95 and most importantly for our results, interoceptive awareness 96 , adaptability, flexibility and efficiency of neural system in response to the multiplicity and uncertainty of environmental stimuli 54 , 56 , 97 , 98 . As a such, it is reasonable that cognitive and affective mechanisms related to the functionally connected regions are better implemented by individuals showing increased temporal variability in the network 96 .…”

On the prediction of human intelligence from neuroimaging: A systematic review of methods and reporting

“…There was, however, little information about the measurement's validity for the populations under study. 3 studies cited references deemed adequate (Ferguson et al 2017;Wei et al 2020;Yang et al 2019), whereas partial references were cited in 2 studies (Hilger et al 2020;Lin et al 2020).…”

“…for detailed ratings Ferguson et al 2017;Finn et al 2015;Gao et al 2019;Greene et al 2018;He et al 2020;Jiang et al 2020a;Kashyap et al 2019;Kong et al 2019;Li et al 2018;Li et al 2019;Lin et al 2020;Powell et al 2017;Wei et al 2020;Wu et al 2020;Yang et al 2019;Yoo et al 2019;Zhang et al 2019. …”

Differential Patterns of Gyral and Sulcal Morphological Changes During Normal Aging Process

“…Third, we used a simple concave-convex concept as a division of gyri and sulci which may seem to be an arbitrary classification. Adopting the convexity map generated by FreeSurfer to classify cortex into gyral, sulcal and undefined regions (Liu et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ) is recommended for future analysis especially when looking at regional changes in the analysis. Next, our aging model is partly based on previous literature.…”