Temporal Trends of Infective Endocarditis in North America From 2000 to 2017—A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objectives To examine temporal changes of infective endocarditis (IE) incidence and epidemiology in North America. Patients and Methods A systematic review was conducted at Mayo Clinic, Rochester. Ovid EBM Reviews™, Ovid Embase™, Ovid Medline™, Scopus™, and Web of Science™ were searched for studies published between January 1, 2000 and May 31, 2020. Four referees independently reviewed all studies, and those that reported a population-based incidence of IE in patients aged 18 years and older in North America were included. Results Of 8,588 articles screened, 14 were included. Overall, IE incidence remained largely unchanged throughout the study period, except for two studies that demonstrated a rise in incidence after 2014. Five studies reported temporal trends of injection drug use (IDU) prevalence among IE patients with a notable increase in prevalence observed. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen in 7 of 9 studies that included microbiologic findings. In-patient mortality ranged from 3.7-14.4%, while the percentage of patients who underwent surgery ranged from 6.4-16.0%. Conclusion Overall incidence of IE has remained stable among the 14 population-based investigations in North America identified in our systematic review. Standardization of study design for future population-based investigations have been highlighted for use in subsequent systematic reviews of IE.

Endocarditis prevention: time for a review of NICE guidance

“…A recent systematic review of 18 European studies reported a doubling in IE incidence over the past two decades in Europe, 24 in contrast to the US where IE incidence has remained comparatively stable. 25 When trends data were weighted according to the population size of individual European countries, an increase in the annual incidence of 0.27 cases per 100,000 people was observed. Staphylococci and streptococci were the most common pathogens and in-patient mortality ranged from 14.3% to 17.5%.…”

Trends of Infective Endocarditis at Two Teaching Hospitals: A 12-Year Retrospective Cohort Study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…With the enormous advances in antimicrobial therapy associated with surgical procedures, the mortality rate has improved over the last century. However, despite the large number of antibiotics available, therapeutic success is still low, considering mortality rates of 36% in high-income countries and greater than 40% in low- and middle-income countries [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Trends of Infective Endocarditis at Two Teaching Hospitals: A 12-Year Retrospective Cohort Study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

“…With the enormous advances in antimicrobial therapy associated with surgical procedures, the mortality rate has improved over the last century. However, despite the large number of antibiotics available, therapeutic success is still low, considering mortality rates of 36% in high-income countries and greater than 40% in low-and middleincome countries [10][11][12].…”