Temporal Trends in Preterm Birth, Neonatal Mortality, and Neonatal Morbidity Following Spontaneous and Clinician-Initiated Delivery in Canada, 2009-2016

Richter, Lindsay L; Ting, Joseph; Muraca, Giulia M.; Boutin, Amélie; Lyons, Janet; Synnes, Anne; Lisonkova, Sarka

doi:10.1016/j.jogc.2019.02.151

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…for SGA birth. 23,24 Our results confirm previous findings showing a 1.5 to 2.5 times increased risk of PTD and an overall increased risk of SGA birth among pregnant women and people living with HIV compared with those living without HIV. [1][2][3] In terms of additional factors associated with PTD and SGA birth for those living with HIV, we found significant positive and independent associations of Indigenous race/ethnicity and injection drug use-associated acquisition of HIV with PTD, after adjustment for other factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study

Schneidman

Lee

Sauvé

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective To evaluate the impact of type and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the risk of preterm delivery (PTD) and small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) birth among pregnant women and people living with HIV in Canada. Methods Data for this retrospective cohort study were analyzed from the Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program from 1990 to 2020. The association between ART and risk of PTD (<37 weeks) and SGA birth (<10th percentile) was explored using mixed effects logistic regression and time‐dependent Cox proportional hazards models. Results Overall, there were 14.9% (654 of 4379) PTD and 18.5% (732 of 3947) SGA cases. A higher risk of PTD was observed with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor–(adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.73; P = 0.019) and boosted protease inhibitor– (aHR, 186; P = 0.007) based regimens compared with integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)–based regimens. ART initiation prior to conception was associated with a lower risk of SGA birth compared with ART initiation after conception at 1 to 14 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.69; P = 0.024) and > 14 weeks (aOR, 0.70; P = 0.005). Conclusion INSTI‐based ART regimens were associated with lower risk of PTD compared with other regimens, and ART initiation before conception was associated with a lower risk of SGA birth. These findings, with overall safety data, should be considered when providing pregnancy counseling to people living with HIV.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study

Schneidman

Lee

Sauvé

et al. 2023

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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“…37 Consistent with other studies, 3,9,11 CP rates were considerably higher in infants born preterm but showed a declining trend in more recent births. This trend suggests that the improved survival of infants born preterm in Canada 38 has not resulted in increased CP rates in children born preterm. Several advances in neonatal care of infants born preterm that are known to reduce the risk of CP (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and temporal trends of cerebral palsy in children born from 2002 to 2017 in Ontario, Canada: Population‐based cohort study

Ahmed

Rosella

Oskoui

et al. 2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong disorder of posture and movement caused by damage to the developing brain, and is the most common cause of physical disability in children. 1 The most recent meta-analysis of CP prevalence reported an overall rate of 2.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98-2.25) per 1000 live births; 2 however, the authors noted the limited information on secular trends of CP rate in the existing literature. Studies from European countries have mostly shown slight declines in more recent years. [3][4][5][6] For instance, rates in Sweden have remained stable since 1999 with a slight decline in births between 2007 and 2010, 3 while Norway (1999-2010 births) 4 and Denmark (1999-2007 births) 5 have seen declining trends, as did a multisite European study of earlier birth cohorts . 6 Australian studies have also reported declining trends in multiple states since 1995. [7][8][9]

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“…(13) However, even with the increasing usage of antenatal corticosteroids and surfactant for lung maturation, (14) the reported incidence of IVH has not consistently decreased. (15)(16)(17)(18) There have been many trials and reviews investigating the effectiveness of preventative interventions. (3,8,13) Interventions can be given antenatally to the mother, or postnatally to the infant after birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of interventions to prevent intraventricular haemorrhage in premature infants: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Yao

Smit

Odd

2023

NPM

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BACKGROUND: Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) is a common problem in preterm infants, being a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite many randomised controlled trials comparing interventions to prevent IVH, the best prevention remains unclear. This study aims to review all the interventions which intended to reduce the incidence of IVH and compare them in a network meta-analysis. METHODS: A search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Emcare, and CENTRAL was performed. Randomised controlled trials which evaluated neonatal interventions with a primary aim to reduce incidence of IVH in preterm infants were eligible. A surface under a cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was produced to indicate the intervention’s likelihood of being the most effective for preventing IVH. RESULTS: 40 studies were eligible, enrolling over 6760 infants. Twelve intervention groups were found, including delayed cord clamping, erythropoietin, ethamsylate, fresh frozen plasma, heparin, ibuprofen, indomethacin, magnesium, nursing interventions, sedation, tranexamic acid, and vitamin E. Vitamin E and indomethacin had the highest probability of being the best interventions to prevent IVH in premature infants, but interpretation of these results is difficult due to study limitations. CONCLUSION: Despite the impact of IVH, we were unable to identify a clearly beneficial treatment to reduce its incidence. Interpretation of the network meta-analysis was limited due to differences within studied populations, wide range of therapies trialled, and underlying advances in neonatal care between units, and over time. Although vitamin E and indomethacin appear to be promising candidates, contemporaneous trials of these, or novel agents, enrolling the most at-risk infants is needed urgently.

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Temporal Trends in Preterm Birth, Neonatal Mortality, and Neonatal Morbidity Following Spontaneous and Clinician-Initiated Delivery in Canada, 2009-2016

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study

Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study

Prevalence and temporal trends of cerebral palsy in children born from 2002 to 2017 in Ontario, Canada: Population‐based cohort study

The effectiveness of interventions to prevent intraventricular haemorrhage in premature infants: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

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