Temporal trends in incidence rates of herpes zoster among patients treated in primary care centers in Madrid (Spain), 2005–2012

Herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in Catalonia (Spain)

“…In Spain, incidence studies of HZ have been published based on data obtained from public primary healthcare centers in Valencia, [14][15][16] Madrid 17,18 and Navarre. 19 In Navarre, which has an excellent public health system, the proportion of patients seen by private family physicians and dermatologists is very low.…”

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19] However, information on the epidemiology of PHN (proportion of cases of HZ that evolve to PHN, the incidence of PHN in the general population, the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of PHN, etc.) and, especially, the characteristics of pain in the different stages of HZ, is limited.…”

Sociodemographic characteristics and chronic medical conditions as risk factors for herpes zoster

“…[2][3][4][5] In the Autonomous Community of Madrid varicella vaccination for children aged 15 mo was included in the systematic vaccination schedule in 2006, and incidence rates of HZ increased significantly from 2005 to 2012. 6 Other studies reported increases in HZ incidence rates both prior to and after the implementation of varicella vaccination programs. [7][8][9][10][11] These trends could not be entirely explained by known major risk factors for HZ, suggesting the presence of other contributing factors.…”

“…13 This age-related increase in HZ is due to a VZV-specific decline in CMI with increasing age. 14 Higher incidences of HZ have been described in females, 6 with a female/ male incidence rate ratio ranging between 1.13 and 1.56, 15 and an average 28% age-standardized excess incidence in females over males. 16 Female gender has been identified as an independent risk factor for HZ in the 25-to 64-y-old age group.…”

Temporal trends in herpes zoster-related hospitalizations in Madrid (Spain), 2003–2013

“…The analysis of HZ in patients treated in primary care centers in our region for the period 2005e2012 showed that incidence rates increased significantly, with an estimated average annual increase of 3.59% in men and 3.67% in women. 19 The objectives of this study were to estimate HZ-related hospitalization rates in the Autonomous Community of Madrid from 2003 to 2013, considering both total and complicated cases, and to analyze their temporal trends by sex and age.…”