2022
DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720220040
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Temporal trend, distribution and spatial autocorrelation of leprosy in Brazil: ecological study, 2011 to 2021

Abstract: Objective: To characterize the temporal trend and spatial behavior of leprosy in Brazil, from 2011 to 2021. Methods: This is an ecological study, with data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, obtained in June 2022. The annual detection rate of new leprosy cases per 100 thousand inhabitants was calculated. To estimate the trend of the 2011–2019 and 2011–2021 series, the polynomial regression model was used, testing first-, second-, and third-order polynomials. For spatiality, natural breaks were u… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications
(4 citation statements)
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References 16 publications
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“…It is worth considering that data between 2011 and 2021 pointed to the North, Central-West, and Northeast macro-regions with the highest disease detection rates, whereas the South and Southeast had the lowest. Lima et al 23 pointed out that such macroregional differences can be attributed to several factors, from socioeconomic aspects, such as inequality in the distribution of resources, to weaknesses in the diagnosis and qualification of healthcare for leprosy, considering that the South and Southeast belong to the socioeconomic level considerably favorable (which does not apply to the others).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…It is worth considering that data between 2011 and 2021 pointed to the North, Central-West, and Northeast macro-regions with the highest disease detection rates, whereas the South and Southeast had the lowest. Lima et al 23 pointed out that such macroregional differences can be attributed to several factors, from socioeconomic aspects, such as inequality in the distribution of resources, to weaknesses in the diagnosis and qualification of healthcare for leprosy, considering that the South and Southeast belong to the socioeconomic level considerably favorable (which does not apply to the others).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although leprosy control actions, primarily operated by the Unified Health System (SUS), have reduced the burden of morbidity and mortality, there are disparities in macroregions related to the disease, including its endemic persistence in vulnerable regions. This outcome is influenced by socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors that result in late diagnosis 7,8 . Furthermore, there is a constant need to evaluate temporal trends related to leprosy and its outcomes and indicators in Brazil's macro-regions 7 , in addition to strengthening actions that lead to timely diagnosis 8 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…In 2022, the TB incidence rate in Brazil was 37.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with a mortality rate of 2.61 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants 2 . The country faces numerous challenges in controlling the disease, such as healthcare resource inequalities, low education levels, income and occupation disparities, high population density in vulnerable socioeconomic territories, poor living conditions, and elevated loss to follow-up rates that sustain the transmission chain 3,4 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%