Temporal structure/function variation in cultured differentiated human nasal epithelium associated with acute single exposure to tobacco smoke or E-cigarette vapor

Abstract

Objective Mucociliary clearance sustains a baseline functionality and an “on demand” capability to upregulate clearance upon irritant exposure involving mucus hypersecretion and accelerated ciliary beat frequency (CBF) modulated by nitric oxide (NO). This study characterized these elements as well as cellular and exogenous NO concentrations subsequent to a single exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) or e-cigarette vapor (EV) on cultured human airway epithelium. Materials and methods Air-liquid interface (ALI) airway epithelial cultures per nonsmoking human subjects were subjected to single TS or EV exposures. Measures of ciliary function and secretion were performed and cellular and exogenous NO concentrations under control and experimental conditions were assessed. Results Both TS and EV exposures resulted similar patterns of decline in CBF within 1 min of the completion of exposure followed by a gradual return often exceeding baseline within 1 h. Post-exposure examination of exposed cultures suggested morphologic differences in secretory function relative to controls. The relative NO concentrations of TS and EV chamber air were sharply different with EV NO being only slightly elevated relative to cellular NO production. Discussion and conclusions Epithelial remodeling and mucociliary dysfunction have been clearly associated with TS exposure. However, information contrasting epithelial structure/function following a single acute TS or EV exposure is limited. This study demonstrates a similar pattern of epithelial response to acute TS or EV exposure. Inasmuch as NO may contribute to an inflammatory milieu and generation of toxic metabolites, it is plausible that recurrent exposures over time may be contributory to chronic pathologies.

Interleukin-13 stimulates production of nitric oxide in cultured human nasal epithelium

“…Cultures appropriated for such studies can be readily manipulated experimentally and multiplexed for replicate or extended studies. In the present study, we detected in vitro concentrations of NO in control cultures that were consistent with other studies performed in this laboratory (Carson et al 2017). Moreover, our studies indicated that cohort cultures propagated in the presence of IL-13, and the absence of an eosinophilic compartment were sufficiently stimulated to excrete an average of greater than tenfold the NO levels seen in control cultures.…”

Electronic Cigarette Vapor with Nicotine Causes Airway Mucociliary Dysfunction Preferentially via TRPA1 Receptors

“…Furthermore, previous studies showed that doses ~20-fold higher than effective in vitro doses are optimal for nebulized treatments in sheep (55,56) . A small remaining TMV decrease may be related to direct effects of PG/VG due to its physiochemical properties that can hinder ciliary beating as recently reported (57,58).…”

Vaping-Related Acute Parenchymal Lung Injury

“…35,36 In vitro analysis found that exposure of airway epithelium cells to either diacetyl or 2,3-pentanedione resulted in disruption of genes that direct cilia biogenesis and directly resulted in impaired ciliary number and function. 37,38 Cinnamaldehyde, 39,40 benzaldehyde, 41 2,5-dimethylpyrazine (chocolate flavoring), 42 among other flavorants, 43 have adverse respiratory effects as well.…”