Temporal stability and assignment power of adaptively divergent genomic regions between herring (<i>Clupea harengus</i>) seasonal spawning aggregations

Kerr, Quentin; Fuentes‐Pardo, Angela P.; Kho, James; McDermid, Jenni L.; Ruzzante, Daniel E.

doi:10.1002/ece3.4768

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…As both spawn timing and allele frequencies of collections from different spawning groups were stable over decades (electronic supplementary material, figure S3 and figure S4), genetic differentiation correlated with phenology appears to be a major determinant of population structure in Pacific herring. The interannual consistency of allele frequencies within a particular spawning population has also been observed in Atlantic herring [ 38 ], and demonstrates that populations exhibit seasonal and geographical fidelity to spawning sites across multiple generations. Our results support the hypothesis that Pacific herring home back to their natal spawning site.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Functional genetic diversity in an exploited marine species and its relevance to fisheries management

et al. 2021

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The timing of reproduction influences key evolutionary and ecological processes in wild populations. Variation in reproductive timing may be an especially important evolutionary driver in the marine environment, where the high mobility of many species and few physical barriers to migration provide limited opportunities for spatial divergence to arise. Using genomic data collected from spawning aggregations of Pacific herring ( Clupea pallasii ) across 1600 km of coastline, we show that reproductive timing drives population structure in these pelagic fish. Within a specific spawning season, we observed isolation by distance, indicating that gene flow is also geographically limited over our study area. These results emphasize the importance of considering both seasonal and spatial variation in spawning when delineating management units for herring. On several chromosomes, we detected linkage disequilibrium extending over multiple Mb, suggesting the presence of chromosomal rearrangements. Spawning phenology was highly correlated with polymorphisms in several genes, in particular SYNE2 , which influences the development of retinal photoreceptors in vertebrates. SYNE2 is probably within a chromosomal rearrangement in Pacific herring and is also associated with spawn timing in Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ). The observed genetic diversity probably underlies resource waves provided by spawning herring. Given the ecological, economic and cultural significance of herring, our results support that conserving intraspecific genetic diversity is important for maintaining current and future ecosystem processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Functional genetic diversity in an exploited marine species and its relevance to fisheries management

et al. 2021

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“…Discriminating autumn-and spring-spawning herring by applying genetic approaches is relatively new, but robust (Bekkevold et al, 2016;Martinez Barrio et al, 2016;Lamichhaney et al, 2017). In a recent study using 66 SNPs, Kerr et al (2019) could discriminate autumn and spring spawners with a 100% cross-validation accuracy and suggested that only six SNPs are needed to achieve such high accuracy. Further, Kerr et al (2019) also found a small number of heterozygous herring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study using 66 SNPs, Kerr et al (2019) could discriminate autumn and spring spawners with a 100% cross-validation accuracy and suggested that only six SNPs are needed to achieve such high accuracy. Further, Kerr et al (2019) also found a small number of heterozygous herring. Increasing the number of SNPs in our study would increase accuracy to some extent but we have selected the loci that show the strongest association with spawning type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the major life-history traits of herring is their fidelity to a specific spawning season, mainly autumn or spring (Husebø et al, 2005;Brophy et al, 2006), although spawning can be observed throughout the year at various locations. Coherent genetic differences among spring-and autumn-spawning herring were recently documented at both sides of the Atlantic (Lamichhaney et al, 2017;Kerr et al, 2019). At the same time, mixing of different populations occur and these mixed aggregations are also targeted by fisheries (Stephenson et al, 2009;Clausen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A combination of genetic and phenotypic characterization of spring- and autumn-spawning herring suggests gene flow between populations

Berg

Østgaard

Slotte

et al. 2020

ICES Journal of Marine Science

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Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) has complex population structure and dynamics including diverse life histories and spawning times with spring and autumn spawning as the most common modes. Originally, spawning herring were phenotypically identified based on their maturity development or otolith microstructure by determining seasonal specific larval growth patterns. Recently, genetic markers have revealed clear genetic differentiation between spring- and autumn-spawning populations. All three methods were applied to herring caught at the same locations during spring and autumn to determine the coherence of methods. In a selected subset, most herring (∼77%) had an otolith microstructure and genetic assignment coinciding with the phenotypically assigned spawning season. Non-spawning herring (<5%) that were classified as belonging to the current spawning season using genotyping and otolith-typing were assigned as skipped spawners. For ∼8% of spawning herring, the genetic and otolith assignment contradicted the phenotypically assigned spawning season, characteristic of straying individuals. Otolith-typing contradicted the genetic and phenotypical assignment in ∼7% of the cases, potentially representing individuals reuniting back to the spawning season favoured by their genotype. Although the viability of offspring from these individuals remains undocumented, it is suggested that the observed switching of spawning season may contribute to gene flow between herring populations.

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“…Herring larvae used within this study were offspring from Baltic autumn spawners and laboratory-reared Atlantic/Baltic hybrid spring spawners. There are clear genetic differences between autumn and spring spawning herring (Martinez Barrio et al 2016, Lamichhaney et al 2017, Kerr et al 2019, but the mass-specific respiration rates and the effect of salinity were similar between the offspring of these two groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration rates of herring larvae at different salinities, and effects of previous environmental history

Berg

Andersson

Folkvord

2020

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Metabolic rates of early life history stages of marine fishes show considerable inter-individual differences, and are highly influenced by extrinsic factors like temperature or food availability. Measuring oxygen uptake rates is a proxy for estimating metabolic rates. Still, the relationship between respiration rates and ambient or previous salinity conditions as well as parental and developmental acclimation to changes in salinity remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we conducted experiments to investigate the effects of salinity on the routine metabolic rates (RMR) of euryhaline Atlantic herring Clupea harengus larvae at 3 levels of salinity: low (6 psu), intermediate (16 psu) and high (35 psu), reflecting ecologically relevant conditions for herring populations in the Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea. The larvae originated from different genetic backgrounds and salinity adaptations to account for cross-generation effects on metabolic rates. Closed respirometry carried out over 24 h on individual fish larvae generally confirmed near isometric respiration rates at all salinity regimes, with rates being 15.4% higher at 6 psu and 7.5% higher at 35 psu compared to 16 psu conditions. However, transgenerational acclimation to different salinity regimes of the parents had no effect on the salinity-specific metabolic rates of their offspring. Our study demonstrates the ability of herring to cope with a wide range of salinity conditions, irrespective of parental environmental history and genetic origin. This phenotypic plasticity is considered to be one of the main contributing factors to the success of herring as a widely distributed fish species in the North Atlantic and adjacent waters.

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Temporal stability and assignment power of adaptively divergent genomic regions between herring (Clupea harengus) seasonal spawning aggregations

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Functional genetic diversity in an exploited marine species and its relevance to fisheries management

Functional genetic diversity in an exploited marine species and its relevance to fisheries management

A combination of genetic and phenotypic characterization of spring- and autumn-spawning herring suggests gene flow between populations

Respiration rates of herring larvae at different salinities, and effects of previous environmental history

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