Temporal sampling in vision and the implications for dyslexia

Pammer, Kristen

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00933

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 187 publications

(241 reference statements)

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“…It is also possible that a primary deficit in a third factor, such as pan-sensory oscillatory entrainment, could explain both the auditory and visual sensory difficulties documented here [104][105][106] . Because amplitude envelope rise time relates to signal intensity, it may be that oscillatory entrainment to luminance or spatial rather than temporal information is impaired in the dyslexic visual system.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Goswami¹

2014

Nat Rev Neurosci

358

375

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Recent years have seen the publication of a range of new theories suggesting that the basis of dyslexia might be sensory dysfunction. In this Opinion article, the evidence for and against several prominent sensory theories of dyslexia is closely scrutinized. Contrary to the causal claims being made, my analysis suggests that many proposed sensory deficits might result from the effects of reduced reading experience on the dyslexic brain. I therefore suggest that longitudinal studies of sensory processing, beginning in infancy, are required to successfully identify the neural basis of developmental dyslexia. Such studies could have a powerful impact on remediation.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Goswami¹

2014

Nat Rev Neurosci

358

375

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“…A third category of potential causal explanations for dyslexia relates to basic perceptual processes that may underlie the more proximal PA or RAN weaknesses, such as temporal sampling or processing [14–16], visual-spatial attention [17], or perceptual learning deficits [18]. These explanations are more mechanistic, but perhaps because they are more distal from reading per se , they are also more debated.…”

Section: Psychological Bases Of Dyslexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiology of dyslexia

Norton

Beach

Gabrieli

2015

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

211

151

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Dyslexia is one of the most common learning disabilities, yet its brain basis and core causes are not yet fully understood. Neuroimaging methods, including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and electrophysiology, have significantly contributed to knowledge about the neurobiology of dyslexia. Recent studies have discovered brain differences prior to formal instruction that likely encourage or discourage learning to read effectively, distinguished between brain differences that likely reflect the etiology of dyslexia versus brain differences that are the consequences of variation in reading experience, and identified distinct neural networks associated with specific psychological factors that are associated with dyslexia.

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“…Besides the dominating phonological impairment hypothesis there are numerous studies indicating deficit of visual spatial attention (Vidyasagar & Pammer, 2010), temporal sampling (Pammer, 2013), audiovisual integration (Blau, van Atteveldt, Ekkebus, Goebel, & Blomert, 2009;Widmann, Schr€ oger, Tervaniemi, Pakarinen, & Kujala, 2012) or an impairment of the magnocellular pathway and the dorsal stream (Stein, 2012). Interestingly, dyslexics exist also in logographic orthographies like Chinese, and there the etiology might be in favor of the visual disturbances.…”

Section: Developmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

Kremláček

Kreegipuu

Tales

et al. 2016

Cortex

107

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The visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response is an event-related potential (ERP) component, which is automatically elicited by events that violate predictions based on prior events. VMMN experiments use visual stimulus repetition to induce predictions, and vMMN is obtained by subtracting the response to rare unpredicted stimuli from those to frequent stimuli. One increasingly popular interpretation of the mismatch response postulates that vMMN, similar to its auditory counterpart (aMMN), represents a prediction error response generated by cortical mechanisms forming probabilistic representations of sensory signals. Here we discuss the physiological and theoretical basis of vMMN and review thirty-three studies from the emerging field of its clinical applications, presenting a meta-analysis of findings in schizophrenia, mood disorders, substance abuse, neurodegenerative disorders, developmental disorders, deafness, panic disorder and hypertension. Furthermore, we include reports on aging and maturation as they bear upon many clinically relevant conditions. Surveying the literature we found that vMMN is altered in several clinical populations which is in line with aMMN findings. An important potential advantage of vMMN however is that it allows the investigation of deficits in predictive processing in cognitive domains which rely primarily on visual information; a principal sensory modality and thus of vital importance in environmental information processing and response, and a modality which arguably may be more sensitive to some pathological changes. However, due to the relative infancy of research in vMMN compared to aMMN in clinical populations its potential for clinical application is not yet fully appreciated. The aim of this review and meta-analysis therefore is to present, in a detailed systematic manner, the findings from clinically-based vMMN studies, to discuss their potential impact and application, to raise awareness of this measure and to improve our understanding of disease upon fundamental aspects of visual information processing. Furthermore, we include reports on aging and maturation as they bear upon many clinically relevant conditions. Surveying the literature we found that vMMN is altered in several 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 clinical populations which is in line with aMMN findings. An important potential advantage of vMMN however is that it allows the investigation of deficits in predictive processing in cognitive domains which rely primarily on visual information; a principal sensor...

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Temporal sampling in vision and the implications for dyslexia

Cited by 25 publications

References 187 publications

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Sensory theories of developmental dyslexia: three challenges for research

Neurobiology of dyslexia

Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders

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