Temporal regulation of vegetative phase change in plants

Poethig, R. Scott; Fouracre, Jim

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.010

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…41 This QTL shows evidence for positive selection, and its distribution mirrors a climate gradient that broadly shaped the Azorean flora. 41 Taken together, the effects of SPL9 in leaf shape diversity, combined with genetic analyses of heteroblasty and its natural variation in different land plants including trees, 11,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] indicate that the heterochronic regulation of growth that we report here constrained plant evolution at both the micro-and macroevolutionary scales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…1 One case of leaf shape diversity is heteroblasty, where the leaf form in a single genotype is modified with progressive plant age. 8–11 In Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant with simple leaves, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE9 (SPL9) controls heteroblasty by activating CyclinD3 expression, thereby sustaining proliferative growth and retarding differentiation in adult leaves. 12 However, the precise significance of SPL9 action for leaf symmetry and marginal patterning is unknown.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age-associated growth control modifies leaf proximodistal symmetry and enables leaf shape diversification

Li,

Jenke,

Strauss

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Biological shape diversity is often manifested in modulation of organ symmetry and modification of the patterned elaboration of repeated shape elements.1-5 Whether and how these two aspects of shape determination are coordinately regulated is unclear.5-7 Plant leaves provide an attractive system to investigate this problem, because they usually show asymmetries along their proximodistal axis, along which they can also produce repeated marginal outgrowths such as serrations or leaflets.1 One case of leaf shape diversity is heteroblasty, where the leaf form in a single genotype is modified with progressive plant age.8-11 In Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant with simple leaves, SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE9 (SPL9) controls heteroblasty by activating CyclinD3 expression, thereby sustaining proliferative growth and retarding differentiation in adult leaves.12 However, the precise significance of SPL9 action for leaf symmetry and marginal patterning is unknown. By combining genetics, quantitative shape analyses, and time-lapse imaging, we show that, in A. thaliana, proximodistal symmetry of the leaf blade decreases in response to an age-dependent SPL9 expression gradient, and that SPL9 action coordinately regulates the distribution and shape of marginal serrations and overall leaf form. Using comparative analyses, we demonstrate that heteroblastic growth reprogramming in Cardamine hirsuta, a complex-leafed relative of A. thaliana, also involves prolonging the duration of cell proliferation and delaying differentiation. We further provide evidence that SPL9 enables species-specific action of homeobox genes that promote leaf complexity. In conclusion, we identify an age-dependent layer of organ proximodistal growth regulation that modulates leaf symmetry and has enabled leaf shape diversification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-associated growth control modifies leaf proximodistal symmetry and enables leaf shape diversification

Li,

Jenke,

Strauss

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Before the floral transition, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) must first become competent. This competence is thought to be associated with the transition from juvenile to adult vegetative phase; however, this is not true for all species ( Poethig 2003 ; Baurle and Dean 2006 ; Hyun et al 2017 ; Poethig and Fouracre 2024 ). There are some species that flower without a juvenile to adult vegetative phase change, but in many cases, only the adult plants can respond to diverse environmental cues such as photoperiod or low temperature to flower while some others show varied responses in the juvenile and adult phases ( Hyun et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Arabidopsis : the Rosetta Stone?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition from juvenile to adult phase (reviewed in Poethig and Fouracre 2024 ) is governed by a decrease in expression of microRNA156 (miR156), which represses the expression of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING-LIKE (SPL) TFs ( Wu and Poethig 2006 ; Wu et al 2009 ; Wang et al 2009a ; Yu et al 2013 ; Gao et al 2022 ). This decrease defines the length of juvenility; a recent study has revealed that the miR156 decline rate is correlated with developmental age rather than chronological age.…”

Section: Arabidopsis : the Rosetta Stone?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering time: From physiology, through genetics to mechanism

Maple,

Zhu,

Hepworth

et al. 2024

Plant Physiology

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Plant species have evolved different requirements for environmental/endogenous cues to induce flowering. Originally, these varying requirements were thought to reflect the action of different molecular mechanisms. Thinking changed when genetic and molecular analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that a network of environmental and endogenous signalling input pathways converge to regulate a common set of ‘floral pathway integrators’. Variation in the predominance of the different input pathways within a network can generate the diversity of requirements observed in different species. Many genes identified by flowering time mutants were found to encode general developmental and gene regulators, with their targets having a specific flowering function. Studies of natural variation in flowering were more successful at identifying genes acting as nodes in the network central to adaptation and domestication. Attention has now turned to mechanistic dissection of flowering time gene function and how that has changed during adaptation. This will inform breeding strategies for climate-proof crops and help define which genes act as critical flowering nodes in many other species.

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