Temporal regulation of temperature tolerances and gene expression in an arctic insect

Noer, Natasja Krog; Nielsen, Kåre Lehmann; Sverrisdóttir, Elsa; Kristensen, Torsten Nygaard; Bahrndorff, Simon

doi:10.1242/jeb.245097

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…In contrast, Morley et al (2019) showed that polar terrestrial arthropods (>55° latitude) had a high acclimation response for CTmax, but this again was based on two species from the Southern Hemisphere (Alaskozetes antarcticus and Cryptopygus antarcticus). Some work has been done on the heat hardening response (Sørensen et al, 2019) and changes in heat resistance across days in the field of N. groenlandicus (Noer et al, 2022(Noer et al, , 2023. These results…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These studies suggest that hardening responses are marked, and that metabolite levels and RNA expression levels of candidate genes are actively altered on a daily basis (Noer et al, 2022(Noer et al, , 2023. However, none of these studies have addressed responses during long-term acclimation.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, some studies suggest that an increase in mean temperature in polar regions could potentially relieve organisms from a thermodynamic constraint leading to increased performances (Peck et al, 2006). Recent work also documents that Arctic arthropods generally have upper thermal limits equivalent to many temperate and tropical species (Anthony et al, 2021;Bahrndorff et al, 2021;Noer et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acclimation to moderate temperatures can have strong negative impacts on heat tolerance of arctic arthropods

Sørensen,

Noer,

Kristensen

et al. 2024

Functional Ecology

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The Arctic is impacted by some of the fastest temperature changes observed on Earth, but the impact on the terrestrial arthropod fauna is unclear. Acute physiological thermal limits of terrestrial ectotherms from high latitudes often exceed the local air temperatures, suggesting that they may be able to cope with increasing temperatures. However, knowledge on how Arctic terrestrial arthropods cope with elevated temperatures for longer periods is lacking. Here we investigate how acclimation temperature and exposure time affect the acute physiological heat tolerance of five terrestrial arthropod species (Neomolgus littoralis, Megaphorura arctica, Nysius groenlandicus, Psammotettix lividellus and Nabis flavomarginatus) immediately after collection in Arctic and sub‐Arctic habitats. We show that although acute heat tolerances are relatively high, even exposure to moderate (temperature span assessed ca. 3–29°C) acclimation temperatures for a 24 h period have strong negative effects on heat tolerance for four of the five species. Similarly, exposure time negatively affected heat tolerance, but depending on species and temperature. Together our results suggest that exposure to even moderately elevated temperatures for periods of 24 h or even shorter can lead to lower acute heat tolerance for cold adapted terrestrial arthropod species from sub‐Arctic and Arctic regions. Consequently, climate change leading to extended periods of mildly elevated temperatures may have strong negative effects on these species. We argue that this aspect is currently overlooked when assessing the ability of arthropods from Arctic and sub‐Artic regions to cope with climate changes as such predictions are typically based on acute heat tolerance estimates and with the assumption of beneficial acclimation responses. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Acclimation to moderate temperatures can have strong negative impacts on heat tolerance of arctic arthropods

Sørensen,

Noer,

Kristensen

et al. 2024

Functional Ecology

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“…Intriguingly, two other outlier SNPs occur in the CO1 and COIII genes, respectively. Both genes are involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, showing transcriptional responses to low temperature tolerance in insects (Huang et al 2017, Noer et al 2023). Overall, our results support the important role of the mitochondria as a center for genes that may be under strong climate-driven selection, resulting in locally adapted populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive genomic variation is linked to a climatic gradient in a social wasp

Cook,

Miller,

Giri

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Species vary in their ability to adapt to rapid changes, with the presence of genetic variation often facilitating long-term evolutionary responses. Given the impending threat of climate change, it is critical to investigate how genetic variation facilitates persistence and possible range expansion in animals. Here, we combine genomic and climatic data to characterize the drivers of local adaptation in the widely distributed, social wasp Mischocyttarus mexicanus cubicola. Using whole genome sequence data, we show that adaptive genomic variation is linked to a climatic gradient across the broad distribution of this species. We found strong population structure, dividing the species into two genetic clusters that follow subtropical and temperate regions. Patterns of gene flow across the range deviate from those expected by isolation by distance alone with climatic differences resulting in reduced gene flow even between adjacent populations. Importantly, genotype-environment analyses reveal candidate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) associated with temperature and rainfall, suggesting adaptation for thermal and desiccation tolerance. In particular, candidate SNPs in or near mitochondrial genes ND5, CO1, and COIII are linked to cold tolerance and metabolism. Similarly, the Gld nuclear gene shown to mediate cold hardiness and cuticle formation, shows two candidate SNPs with non-synonymous mutations unique to temperate populations. Together, our results reveal candidate SNPs consistent with local adaptation to distinct climatic conditions. Thus, the integration of genomic and climatic data can be a powerful approach to predict vulnerability and persistence of species under rapid climate change.

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“…Govaere et al (2019) [11] reported that Leptinotarsa decemlineata can overcome unfavorable winter conditions by increasing keratin and HSP70 expression and adjusting transcription-related processes. Currently, RNA-Seq technology is widely used to study gene expression changes in response to low-temperature stress in multiple insect species, such as Solenopsis japonica [12], Tamarixia radiata [13], Anoplophora glabripennis [14], Calliptamus italicus, Gomphocerus sibiricus [15], Liriomyza trifolii, Liriomyza sativae [16], Callosobruchus chinensis [17], Plutella xylostella [18] and Nysius groenlandicus [19]. These studies have shown that temperature alterations can lead to changes in the expression levels of a range of genes involved in transcription, metabolism, development and especially heat shock proteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms

Zhang,

Sun,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Genes

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Galeruca daurica (Joannis) is a pest species with serious outbreaks in the Inner Mongolian grasslands in recent years, and its larvae and eggs are extremely cold-tolerant. To gain a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of its cold-tolerant stress response, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly of G. daurica via RNA-Seq and compared the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of first- and second-instar larvae grown and developed indoors and outdoors, respectively. The results show that cold tolerance in G. daurica is associated with changes in gene expression mainly involved in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and the production of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with the control group (indoor), the genes associated with gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and HSP production were up-regulated in the larvae grown and developed outdoors. While the changes in these genes were related to the physiological metabolism and growth of insects, it was hypothesized that the proteins encoded by these genes play an important role in cold tolerance in insects. In addition, we also investigated the expression of genes related to the metabolic pathway of HSPs, and the results show that the HSP-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the larvae of G. daurica grown and developed outdoors compared with the indoor control group. Finally, we chose to induce significant expression differences in the Hsp70 gene (Hsp70A1, Hsp70-2 and Hsp70-3) via RNAi to further illustrate the role of heat stress proteins in cold tolerance on G. daurica larvae. The results show that separate and mixed injections of dsHSP70A1, dsHsp70-2 and dsHsp70-3 significantly reduced expression levels of the target genes in G. daurica larvae. The super-cooling point (SCP) and the body fluid freezing point (FP) of the test larvae were determined after RNAi using the thermocouple method, and it was found that silencing the Hsp70 genes significantly increased the SCP and FP of G. daurica larvae, which validated the role of heat shock proteins in the cold resistance of G. daurica larvae. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for further excavating the key genes and proteins in response to extremely cold environments and analyzing the molecular mechanism of cold adaptation in insects in harsh environments.

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Temporal regulation of temperature tolerances and gene expression in an arctic insect

Cited by 6 publications

References 85 publications

Acclimation to moderate temperatures can have strong negative impacts on heat tolerance of arctic arthropods

Acclimation to moderate temperatures can have strong negative impacts on heat tolerance of arctic arthropods

Adaptive genomic variation is linked to a climatic gradient in a social wasp

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Galeruca daurica Reveals Cold Tolerance Mechanisms

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