Temporal patterns of human and canine Giardia infection in the United States: 2003–2009

Mohamed, Ahmed; Levine, Michael A.; Camp, Joseph W.; Lund, Elisabeth; Glickman, Larry T.; Moore, George E.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.11.006

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our work extends the use of indices, like trend linearity, which have been commonly used in other disciplines from environmental science [25] and parasitology [26] to healthcare services. According to our analysis, traditional indices such as acrophase and period are highly similar amongst statistically significant conditions whereas by definition, all statistically significant conditions have a period of 12 months, and we have shown that nearly 80% of conditions peak in the summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Discovery of temporal and disease association patterns in condition-specific hospital utilization rates

et al. 2017

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Identifying temporal variation in hospitalization rates may provide insights about disease patterns and thereby inform research, policy, and clinical care. However, the majority of medical conditions have not been studied for their potential seasonal variation. The objective of this study was to apply a data-driven approach to characterize temporal variation in condition-specific hospitalizations. Using a dataset of 34 million inpatient discharges gathered from hospitals in New York State from 2008–2011, we grouped all discharges into 263 clinical conditions based on the principal discharge diagnosis using Clinical Classification Software in order to mitigate the limitation that administrative claims data reflect clinical conditions to varying specificity. After applying Seasonal-Trend Decomposition by LOESS, we estimated the periodicity of the seasonal component using spectral analysis and applied harmonic regression to calculate the amplitude and phase of the condition’s seasonal utilization pattern. We also introduced four new indices of temporal variation: mean oscillation width, seasonal coefficient, trend coefficient, and linearity of the trend. Finally, K-means clustering was used to group conditions across these four indices to identify common temporal variation patterns. Of all 263 clinical conditions considered, 164 demonstrated statistically significant seasonality. Notably, we identified conditions for which seasonal variation has not been previously described such as ovarian cancer, tuberculosis, and schizophrenia. Clustering analysis yielded three distinct groups of conditions based on multiple measures of seasonal variation. Our study was limited to New York State and results may not directly apply to other regions with distinct climates and health burden. A substantial proportion of medical conditions, larger than previously described, exhibit seasonal variation in hospital utilization. Moreover, the application of clustering tools yields groups of clinically heterogeneous conditions with similar seasonal phenotypes. Further investigation is necessary to uncover common etiologies underlying these shared seasonal phenotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Discovery of temporal and disease association patterns in condition-specific hospital utilization rates

et al. 2017

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“…For example, G. duodenalis genotypes A and B have been detected in some studies from dogs, but the canine specific genotypes (C and D) tend to dominate [11]. With regard to canine giardiasis, some studies suggest that transmission between dogs and humans may be uncommon [12,13], but other studies have indicated that in particular situations dogs may act as reservoirs for human infection [14]. Although a few studies report occurrence of assemblage C and D in human samples [15], it seems likely that these represent carriage rather than infection with these genotypes.…”

Section: Giardia Duodenalis and World Dominationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Giardia in dogs: a veterinary conundrum relevant to human infection

Tysnes

Skancke

Robertson

2014

Trends in Parasitology

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“…Eight assemblages (A-H) have been identified within G. intestinalis [6–8]. Of these, assemblages C-H seem to be animal-specific [9], but assemblages A and B can infect humans and a wide range of non-human hosts [6, 10]. Diarrhea is the main symptom of giardiasis [11] and transmission is mainly through ingestion of Giardia cysts in contaminated food or water [12]; approximately 2.8 × 10 8 cases of human giardiasis are reported world-wide per year, and the majority of them are reported in developing countries [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The presence of Giardia intestinalis in donkeys, Equus asinus, in China

Zhang

et al. 2017

Parasites Vectors

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Background Giardia intestinalis is one of the most important zoonotic enteric parasites. As no information regarding prevalence and genotype of G. intestinalis in donkeys (Equus asinus) in China is available, 181 faecal samples from 48 donkeys from Jilin Province, from 104 from Shandong Province and from 29 from Liaoning Province were examined between May and December 2015.FindingsTwenty-eight (15.47%) out of 181 donkey samples were tested G. intestinalis-positive by nested amplification of the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene. The prevalence in different regional groups varied from 10.42 to 18.27%. The prevalence in adult and young donkeys was 14.29 and 22.92%, respectively. Otherwise, the prevalence was 11.69% in summer and 18.27% in winter. However, no statistically significant differences were found in relation to region or age group. Sequence analysis of the tpi, glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and beta giardin (bg) loci identified 4, 1 and 3 subtypes of assemblage B, respectively. Moreover, four novel multilocus genotypes (MLGs novel-1 to novel-4) were identified in assemblage B.ConclusionsThis first report of G. intestinalis in donkeys in China indicates that further studies of nation-wide molecular epidemiology and geographical distribution of Giardia in donkeys are warranted. Effective strategies should be implemented to control G. intestinalis infection in donkeys, other animals and humans.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1936-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Temporal patterns of human and canine Giardia infection in the United States: 2003–2009

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Discovery of temporal and disease association patterns in condition-specific hospital utilization rates

Discovery of temporal and disease association patterns in condition-specific hospital utilization rates

Subclinical Giardia in dogs: a veterinary conundrum relevant to human infection

The presence of Giardia intestinalis in donkeys, Equus asinus, in China

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