Temporal patterns of dispersal-induced synchronization in population dynamics

Abstract

Highlights• Predator-prey oscillating populations with weak dispersal exhibit intermittent synchrony • Temporal patterns of this synchrony depend on the properties of predator-prey interactions in individual patches and may be independent of synchrony strength • The study identifies the properties of the predator-prey oscillators responsible for dynamics with numerous short desynchronizations vs. few long desynchronizations AbstractThe mechanisms and properties of synchronization of oscillating ecological populations attract attention because it is a fairly common phenomenon and because spatial synchrony may elevate a risk of extinction and may lead to other environmental impacts. Conditions for stable synchronization in a system of linearly coupled predator-prey oscillators have been considered in the past. However, the spatial dispersion coupling may be relatively weak and may not necessarily lead to a stable, complete synchrony. If the coupling between oscillators is too weak to induce a stable synchrony, oscillators may be engaged into intermittent synchrony, when episodes of synchronized dynamics are interspersed with the episodes of desynchronized dynamics. In the present study we consider the temporal patterning of this kind of intermittent synchronized dynamics in a system of two dispersal-coupled Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator-prey oscillators. We consider the properties of the distributions of durations of desynchronized intervals and their dependence on the model parameters. We show that the temporal patterning of synchronous dynamics (an ecological network phenomenon) may depend on the properties of individual predator-prey patch (individual oscillator) and may vary independently of the strength of dispersal. We also show that if the dynamics of predator is slow relative to the dynamics of the prey (a situation that may promote brief but large outbreaks), dispersal-coupled predator-prey oscillating populations exhibit numerous short desynchronizations (as opposed to few long desynchronizations) and may require weaker dispersal in order to reach strong synchrony.