Temporal Lobe Hemorrhage as a Complication of HSV Encephalitis, a Case Report

Rijal, Ashes; Chaudhary, Sharmila; Shah, Sangam; Itani, Asmita; Suryabanshi, Anil; Thapa, Sangharsha

doi:10.22541/au.165812677.72860016/v1

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The autoimmune panel came strongly positive for anti-NMDA receptor, confirming the diagnosis. Teratoma or viral triggering factors were not present in our case 15 , 21 , 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Nonparaneoplastic anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in an adolescent girl: a case report

Ghimire

Bhattarai

Ghimire

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction: Anti-N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune neurologic disorder that classically presents with psychiatric, neurologic, and autonomic symptoms, often with a viral prodrome. Case presentation: A 17-year-old female presented to the hospital with an 11-day history of fever, altered behavior, abnormal body movements, and altered sensorium. Upon examination, she was found to be febrile, tachycardic, and tachypneic, with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8. Discussion: The diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is usually confirmed by the presence of anti-NMDA receptor antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid. The first-line treatment options include steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis, while second-line therapies such as rituximab and cyclophosphamide may be necessary for some patients. While most patients respond well to treatment, complications can arise, and as in this case, death can occur. Conclusion: New onset symptoms like alteration in behavior, abnormal body movement, altered sensorium, and psychiatric symptoms in a young female should raise suspicion of this disease. Immunotherapy is promising; however, anticipation and management of complication are essential in reducing mortality.

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“…The autoimmune panel came strongly positive for anti-NMDA receptor, confirming the diagnosis. Teratoma or viral triggering factors were not present in our case 15 , 21 , 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%