Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: What do we understand about protein alterations?

Perveen, Nadia; Ashraf, Waseem; Alqahtani, Faleh; Rasool, Muhammad Fawad; Samad, Noreen; Imran, Imran

doi:10.1111/cbdd.13858

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Glial expression of Cst3 is also associated with abnormal neuroblast migration and neurodegeneration in the epileptic dentate gyrus [69,93], suggesting alterations in astroglialspecific Cst3 may play a role in network reorganization in the DG of PTE mice. In addition, we identified that a nubmer of the genes altered in PTE + astrocytes are known to be involved in differentiation, migration, and cell morphology (Supplemental Table 2), of which a number of then are asociated with epilepsy Eml1 [94], Map2, Map1b [95], Sema3f [96] and Ptn [97]. At present, little is known about the role of astrocytes in the health and function of interneurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated With the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Basso¹,

Shandra²,

Volanth³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant risk factor for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the injury-induced epileptogenesis are under under investigation. The dentate gyrus, a structure highly susceptible to injury, and has been implicated in the evolution of seizure development. Methods: Utilizing the murine unilateral focal control cortical impact (CCI) injury, we evaluated seizure onset using 24/7 EEG video analysis at 2-4 months post-injury. Cellular changes in the dentate gyrus and hilus of the hippocampus were quantified by non-biased stereology and Imaris image analysis to evaluate Prox1-positive cell migration, astrocyte branching and morphology, as well as neuronal loss at four months post-injury. Isolation of region-specific astrocytes and RNA-seq was performed to determine differential gene expression in PTE+ vs. PTE- that may comport with the epileptogenic process. Results: CCI injury resulted in 37% PTE+-incidence, which increased with injury severity and hippocampal damage. Histological assessments uncovered a significant loss of hilar interneurons that coincided with aberrant migration of Prox1-positive granule cells and reduced astroglial branching in PTE+ compared to PTE- mice. We uniquely identified Cst3 as a PTE+-specific gene signature in astrocytes across all brain regions. Conclusions: These findings suggest that epileptogenesis may emerge following TBI due to distinct aberrant cellular remodeling events and key molecular changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated With the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Basso¹,

Shandra²,

Volanth³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We confirmed CST3 soma localization in astrocytes, and found elevated numbers of CST3 + and CST3 + /GFAP + cells in the ipsilateral hilus of PTE + mice, suggesting that CST3 may be regulate in the morphological changes observed in astrocytes and in the epileptogenesic process after TBI. In addition, we identified a number of genes altered in PTE + astrocytes that are known to be involved in differentiation, migration, and cell morphology (Supplementary Table S2), of which several are associated with epilepsy (i.e., Eml1 [97], Map2, Map1b [98], Sema3f [99], and Ptn [100]). At present, little is known about the role of astrocytes in the health and function of interneurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated with the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Basso

Shandra

Volanth

et al. 2023

Cells

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant risk factor for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the injury-induced epileptogenesis are under investigation. The dentate gyrus—a structure that is highly susceptible to injury—has been implicated in the evolution of seizure development. Methods: Utilizing the murine unilateral focal control cortical impact (CCI) injury, we evaluated seizure onset using 24/7 EEG video analysis at 2–4 months post-injury. Cellular changes in the dentate gyrus and hilus of the hippocampus were quantified by unbiased stereology and Imaris image analysis to evaluate Prox1-positive cell migration, astrocyte branching, and morphology, as well as neuronal loss at four months post-injury. Isolation of region-specific astrocytes and RNA-Seq were performed to determine differential gene expression in animals that developed post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE+) vs. those animals that did not (PTE−), which may be associated with epileptogenesis. Results: CCI injury resulted in 37% PTE incidence, which increased with injury severity and hippocampal damage. Histological assessments uncovered a significant loss of hilar interneurons that coincided with aberrant migration of Prox1-positive granule cells and reduced astroglial branching in PTE+ compared to PTE- mice. We uniquely identified Cst3 as a PTE+-specific gene signature in astrocytes across all brain regions, which showed increased astroglial expression in the PTE+ hilus. Conclusions: These findings suggest that epileptogenesis may emerge following TBI due to distinct aberrant cellular remodeling events and key molecular changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.

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“…Familial temporal lobe epilepsy (FTLE) can be subdivided into lateral and mesial forms by clinical and genetic characteristics, and FLTLE is characterised by auditory auras ( 1 ). Several protein mutations were considered to be associated with temporal lobe epilepsy, such as axon guidance proteins, leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 protein, microtubular protein, pore-forming, chromatin remodelling, and chemokine proteins ( 4 ). Hyperphosphorylated tau protein has been identified in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy and might be the cause of the cognitive decline in these patients ( 5 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Stereoelectroencephalography and Stereoelectroencephalography-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation in Familial Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Wei

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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Familial lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (FLTLE) is genetic focal epilepsy usually characterised by auditory symptoms. Most FLTLE cases can be controlled by anti-seizure medications, and to our best knowledge, there are no previous reports about stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) used for patients with FLTLE. In this report, we present two patients with FLTLE in one family and their SEEG performances, together with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET and MRI results. In case 1, fast activities originated from the right superior temporal gyrus and spread rapidly to the right anterior insular lobe and hippocampus. In case 2, there were two seizure patterns: (1) The fast activities or sharp slow waves were identified at the left superior temporal gyrus, then, sharp waves and spike waves spread in the left superior temporal gyrus; (2) There were fast activities and slow-wave oscillation originated in the left superior temporal gyrus, then, the fast activities spread in the left superior temporal gyrus and finally spread to the other sites. An SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation was performed for both patients and one of them underwent resection surgery. Seizures are well-controlled and the patients are very satisfied with the therapeutic effects.

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Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: What do we understand about protein alterations?

Cited by 3 publications

References 122 publications

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated With the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated With the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Atypical Neurogenesis, Astrogliosis, and Excessive Hilar Interneuron Loss Are Associated with the Development of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy

Case Report: Stereoelectroencephalography and Stereoelectroencephalography-Guided Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation in Familial Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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