Temporal lobe abnormalities in multigenerational families with schizophrenia

Honer, William G.; Bassett, Anne S.; Smith, G.; Lapointe, Jocelyne S.; Falki, Peter

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)90084-1

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An advantage of this design is that parents, who have generally lived through the risk period for schizophrenia, can validly be considered 'unaffected' relatives and it enables the study of those parents who are presumed obligate carriers of genetic risk. In common with other family studies that included parents as well as sibs [Honer et al, 1994;Seidman et al, 1999], we found that more female relatives took part in the assessments. These problems were compensated for by using a control group that spanned the age range in both genders and thus allowed tighter controlling for these confounds in the analysis without extrapolation.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…We used a regression analysis for clustered observations that takes into account the nonindependence of individuals within families, a factor ignored by some other family studies, despite evidence for a high degree of genetic control of brain structures such as ventricular size within families [Weinberger et al, 1981;Reveley et al, 1984b]. Indeed the design of comparing probands to relatives evolved to reduce the large genetic variation of brain structures in the population rather than to search for morphometric endophenotypes and some such studies did not include an independent control group [Weinberger et al, 1981;Honer et al, 1994;Zorrilla et al, 1997;Silverman et al, 1998]. …”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain volumes in familial and non‐familial schizophrenic probands and their unaffected relatives

McDonald¹,

Grech²,

Toulopoulou³

et al. 2002

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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Structural brain abnormalities are consistently reported in schizophrenic subjects but the etiology of these abnormalities remains unclear. We tested the contribution of genetic predisposition and obstetric complications to the structural brain abnormalities found in schizophrenic probands and their relatives. MRI scans were carried out on 35 schizophrenic probands from families multiply affected with the disorder, and 63 of their unaffected relatives, including 10 parents who appeared to transmit genetic risk to their children; as well as 31 schizophrenic probands from families with no other affected members, 33 of their unaffected relatives; and finally 68 controls. Volumetric measurements of whole brain, lateral ventricles, third ventricle, cerebellum, and temporal lobes were completed for each subject. The impact of obstetric complications on brain structure was assessed across the gradient of presumed genetic predisposition. Both groups of schizophrenic probands displayed enlargement of the lateral and third ventricles, and there was a gradient of ventricular enlargement amongst the unaffected relatives in proportion to their likelihood of carrying schizophrenic genes. Ventricular enlargement was largely confined to males in both probands and unaffected relatives. Obstetric complications were associated with ventricular enlargement only in the familial probands. Non-familial probands displayed reduced volume of the temporal lobes bilaterally. In families with several schizophrenic members, ventricular enlargement is a marker for genetic liability, particularly in males. Individuals inheriting the susceptibility to schizophrenia appear particularly prone to develop ventricular enlargement in response to obstetric complications.

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Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain volumes in familial and non‐familial schizophrenic probands and their unaffected relatives

McDonald¹,

Grech²,

Toulopoulou³

et al. 2002

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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show abstract

“…However, the insula has been neglected as a region of interest in previous MRI studies. It is possible that previously reported increases in size of the CSF-filled Sylvian fissure and temporal sulci may reflect some underlying loss of insular cortex volume (2,41). But the clearest imaging evidence to date of gray matter loss in the insula has come from studies that have used voxel-based approaches to morphometry similar to our methods (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Structural Abnormalities in Frontal, Temporal, and Limbic Regions and Interconnecting White Matter Tracts in Schizophrenic Patients With Prominent Negative Symptoms

Sigmundsson¹,

Suckling²,

Maier³

et al. 2001

AJP

420

230

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“…In families multiply affected with schizophrenia, where genetic factors appear to predominate, increased ventricular volume has been reported in both the affected members and their well relatives 9 , while temporal lobe pathology is seen mostly in the affected members 10 . Interestingly, Sharma 9 noted that certain families demonstrated particular constellations of abnormalities.…”

Section: Twin Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging as a tool in exploring the neurodevelopment and genetics of schizophrenia

Frangou

Murray

1996

British Medical Bulletin

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Neuroimaging has enabled us to address questions about the timing and origin of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. First episode and longitudinal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of schizophrenic patients have shown that the brain abnormalities are present at onset of psychosis and are non-progressive. Such findings support the idea that schizophrenia is a developmental rather than a degenerative condition. Furthermore, the presence of ventriculomegaly and diminished hemispheric asymmetry in familial schizophrenics and in those of their relatives who appear to be transmitting the disorder, implies involvement of the genes controlling neurodevelopment. However, genetic factors do not fully account for the development of schizophrenia; early environmental insults such as obstetric complications are also important and may interact with genetic predisposition. Brain development continues postnatally and profound maturational events also occur in adolescence and early adulthood. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies allow the investigation of the developmental biochemistry of the living brain and are being used to explore the role of maturational brain events in determining the onset of psychosis. Neuroimaging methods allow for the safe in vivo study of brain development, structure and function, and provide the means to investigate hypotheses regarding the aetiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this article, we review neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia, and focus particularly on findings that provide insights into the genetic and neurodevelopmental origins of the disorder.

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Temporal lobe abnormalities in multigenerational families with schizophrenia

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Brain volumes in familial and non‐familial schizophrenic probands and their unaffected relatives

Brain volumes in familial and non‐familial schizophrenic probands and their unaffected relatives

Structural Abnormalities in Frontal, Temporal, and Limbic Regions and Interconnecting White Matter Tracts in Schizophrenic Patients With Prominent Negative Symptoms

Imaging as a tool in exploring the neurodevelopment and genetics of schizophrenia

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