With the improvement of hardware capability of mobile devices, mobile devices are more and more widely used. Mobile screen video recording is one of the important applications. However, the generated video files will occupy plenty of memory resources, which are limited in mobile devices. Fortunately, a well designed video coding method could effectively relieve such pressure. Therefore, aimed at the mobile screen video, this paper proposes a down-sampling based rate control algorithm to improve the compression efficiency. Firstly, the source video is down sampled by a factor of 4. Then, the down sampled video is encoded twice and the coding information is stored. Finally, based on the stored coding information, the real encoding process is optimized at bit allocation and bit control. Experimental results show that compared with the default rate control method in high efficiency video coding test model, the proposed method could obviously improve rate distortion performance and bit control accuracy.INDEX TERMS Rate control, video coding, mobile, screen content, HEVC.