Temporal estimation in prediction motion tasks is biased by a moving destination

Abstract

An ability to predict the time-to-contact (TTC) of moving objects that become momentarily hidden is advantageous in everyday life and could be particularly so in fast-ball sports. Prediction motion (PM) experiments have sought to test this ability using tasks where a disappearing target moves toward a stationary destination. Here, we developed two novel versions of the PM task in which the destination either moved away from (Chase) or toward (Attract) the moving target. The target and destination moved with different speeds such that collision occurred 750, 1,000 or 1,250 ms after target occlusion. To determine if domain-specific experience conveys an advantage in PM tasks, we compared the performance of different sporting groups ranging from internationally competing athletes to non-sporting controls. There was no difference in performance between sporting groups and non-sporting controls but there were significant and independent effects on response error by target speed, destination speed, and occlusion period. We simulated these findings using a revised version of the linear TTC model of response timing for PM tasks (Yakimoff, Bocheva, & Mitrania, 1987; Yakimoff, Mateeff, Ehrenstein, & Hohnsbein, 1993) in which retinal input from the moving destination biases the internal representation of the occluded target. This revision closely reproduced the observed patterns of response error and thus describes a means by which the brain might estimate TTC when the target and destination are in motion.

Group membership and racial bias modulate the temporal estimation of in-group/out-group body movements

“…The trend of reducing temporal error as residual duration increases is similar to that found in many prediction motion studies (e.g. Flavell et al 2018 ). Specifically, responses of movement completion tend to occur less late and/or increasingly early as the residual duration increases.…”

Communication of Hazards in Mixed-Reality Telerobotic Systems: The Usage of Naturalistic Avoidance Cues in Driving Tasks

“…Further investigations as to the reaction time and the changes in speed and direction of the participants would suggest a more detailed picture of the behavioral responses associated with the given cues. Additionally, research into the neuropsychological responses of participants (e.g., Flavell et al, 2018; Mackenzie & Harris, 2017; Wade et al, 2018) could yield insights about the cognitive effect of a given cue. In developing this research further, we plan to test the extension of these cues in an applied real-world environment from a video feed during a driving task.…”

Global–local consistency benefits memory‐guided tracking of a moving target

“…Trials with values more than three standard deviations above or below the individual mean were excluded before computing the overall mean and standard deviation. Furthermore, we computed the variable error (VE; the standard deviation of errors in different conditions) (Benguigui & Bennett, 2010; Bennett & Benguigui, 2016; Flavell et al., 2018; Makin & Bertamini, 2014; Makin & Chauhan, 2014; Vicovaro et al., 2019).…”

“…In the present study, prediction motion task (PMT) is designed to investigate the observers’ estimate ability of the precise position of a moving object while lacking visual information input. In a typical PMT, an independent target moved at constant velocity along the frontoparallel plane and then vanished behind the obstruction; the participants were asked to press a button when they thought the object would arrive and touch a predetermined point of interception (Benguigui & Bennett, 2010; Bennett & Benguigui, 2016; Bennett et al., 2010; DeLucia et al., 1998; Flavell et al., 2018; Makin & Bertamini, 2014; Makin & Chauhan, 2014; Makin & Poliakoff, 2011; Makin et al., 2008; 2009; Vicovaro et al., 2019). In such situations, how is the global–local consistency utilized by observers to estimate the precise location of an occluded target?…”