Temporal Cognition

The Relationship between Time Perception and Emotional Interference on Autobiographical Memories

“…This finding supported recent studies in the pattern of overestimated judgements due to emotional personal memories (Droit-Volet et al, 2004;Effron et al, 2006). Emotional interference was shown to have an impact on experienced and recalled time estimation of autobiographical events which were parallel to Block and Zakay's (1997) finding that several variables can influence experience duration and remembered duration.…”

“…Zakay therefore suggested that these findings show that children's prospective time perception processes are attentional based, similar to adults' prospective time perception, whereas, their retrospective time perceptions are based on memory and dependent on the relative changes that occur during an estimated interval. The results of Block and Zakay (1997) provided evidence to the findings of the former study. -Volet (2003) investigated the effect of a signal warning of the arrival of a stimulus to be timed on temporal discrimination in children aged 3, 5, and 8.…”

“…The difference between the two is participants acknowledged that they are required to judge the duration of a time period prior to beginning the task. Numerous studies and experiments have shown that prospective judgements are longer and more accurate than retrospective judgements (Block & Zakay, 1997), and that females are more focused on time in the prospective paradigm and possess greater episodic memory in the retrospective paradigm (Block et al, 2000). A recent study looked at the interference between auditory and visual duration judgements using a temporal generalization paradigm (Filippopoulos, Hallworth, Lee, & Wearden, 2013).…”

“…Finally, as this research used PC screens in computer labs to display the forms, it would be preferable that replicated or follow-up research used forms for the questions, briefing, and debriefing rather than computers as this would be easier to conduct. In addition, an important implication would be either to use repeated measures where all participants undergo all conditions of the study or use the same methods to conduct further research on prospective and retrospective duration paradigms as prospective judgements were found to be longer than retrospective judgements (Block & Zakay, 1997), as well as using a larger number of participants.…”

Can we use verbal estimation to dissect the internal clock? Differentiating the effects of pacemaker rate, switch latencies, and judgment processes

“…Many theories of behavioural timing assume the existence of a pacemaker-accumulator system (e.g., Allan, 1998;Gibbon et al 1984;Treisman, 1963;Ulrich et al, 2006;Wearden, 1992;Zakay & Block, 1997; for contrasting accounts, see e.g., Machado, 1997;Mauk & Buonomano, 2004;Staddon & Higa, 1999;Wackermann & Ehm, 2006). There are various instantiations of this idea, but the core assumption is that timing is based on a pacemaker which emits pulses; at the start of the to-be-timed interval, a switch closes so that these pulses flow into an accumulator.…”