Temporal characteristics of the Beijing urban heat island

Liu, W.; Ji, Cui; Zhong, Jian; Jiang, Xiaojing; Zheng, Zihao

doi:10.1007/s00704-005-0192-6

Cited by 124 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increasing temperatures of Dhaka, (Alam and Golam Rabbani 2007), increase of 2 • C temperature of Saö Paolo since 1993 (Edmilson et al 2007), increasing tendencies of Beijing temperatures from 1977-2000 (Liu et al 2007), 0.28-0.44 • C/10a increase rate of annual mean air temperature in city-belt of Yangtze River Delta in China (Yin et al 2007) and 1.5 • C increase in annual mean temperature of Seoul during last 29 years (Chung et al 2004) are the global examples of urban climate change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan

et al. 2009

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Karachi is the largest city of Pakistan. The temperature change in Karachi is studied in this research by analyzing the time series data of mean maximum temperature (MMxT), mean minimum temperature (MMiT) and mean annual temperature (MAT) from 1947 to 2005 (59 years). Data is analyzed in three parts by running linear regression and by taking anomalies of all time periods: (a) whole period from 1947-2005; (b) phase one 1947-1975 and (c) phase two 1976-2005. During 1947 to 2005 MMxT has increased about 4.6 • C, MMiT has no change and MAT has increased 2.25 • C. During 1947-1975, MMxT increased 1.9 • C, in this period there is −1.3 • C decrease in MMiT and MAT has raised upto 0.3 • C. During 1976-2005, the MMxT, MMiT and MAT increased 2.7 • C, 1.2 • C and 1.95 • C, respectively. The analysis shows significantly the role of extreme vulnerability of MMxT in rising the temperature of Karachi than the MMiT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan

et al. 2009

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“…Ongoing urbanization has posed great pressure on the urban thermal environment. Liu, Ji, Zhong, Jiang, and Zheng (2007) compared the air temperature between urban and rural areas of Beijing and indicated that the UHI effect has progressively intensified for decades (Liu et al, 2007). The municipal government of Beijing has implemented the Green Growth Strategy through greenbelt construction and large-scale urban forestation and the per capita area of public green space has increased from 5.0% in 1978-15.7% in 2013.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the spatial arrangement of trees in residential neighborhoods for better cooling effects: Integrating modeling with in-situ measurements

Chen

2017

Landscape and Urban Planning

100

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A B S T R A C TTrees have long been recognized as effective for mitigating urban heat islands by reducing air temperature through evapotranspiration and intercepting shortwave radiation that heat up land surfaces. Many studies have shown that both the composition and configuration of vegetation can contribute to heat reduction at the city scale. Fewer studies, however, have focused on cooling mechanisms at the neighborhood scale. Here, we integrate modeling with in situ measurements to investigate how different spatial arrangements of trees in residential neighborhoods affect their cooling effects. We conducted the research in a residential neighborhood with high-rise apartment buildings in Beijing. We tested four scenarios with different spatial arrangements of trees, and quantified their effects on cooling. We used the high spatial and temporal resolution microclimate model ENVI-met and validated the model with in situ measurements. We found: (1) Different spatial arrangements had differentiated effects on intercepting shortwave radiation, which led to variations in air temperature. For example, new trees that were completely exposed to solar radiation had stronger cooling effects (air temperature was 0.22°C lower) than new trees that were located in the shadow of surrounding buildings. (2) Different spatial arrangements led to obviously different effects of sensible heat reduction, with a maximum difference of 14.84 × 10 8 J/ha. Our results underscore the importance of the spatial arrangement of trees on cooling in residential neighborhoods. These results have important implications in urban planning and design at the neighborhood scale.

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“…Beijing is characterized by a warm temperature zone and has a typical continental monsoon climate with four distinct seasons. Rapid urbanization and city expansion started in the late 1980s, resulting in significant UHI effects [38,39]. Previous studies have found that the mean daily temperature in urban areas is 4.6 higher than the mean daily temperature in the suburbs [40].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the stability of annual temperatures for different urban functional zones

Sun

Chen

et al. 2013

Building and Environment

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a b s t r a c tThe urban functional zone (UFZ) is the basic unit of urban planning, which is defined as an area of similar social and economic functions. Despite the importance of UFZs, the stability of their annual temperature between winter and summer has seldom been investigated. With an understanding of the thermal impacts that planning decisions can have, it is essential to know how UFZs can be designed to regulate temperatures in the urban environment. 690 UFZs were identified using ALOS images in 2009 in Beijing. Land surface temperature (LST) was extracted from daytime Landsat TM (2002) and ASTER (2009) images. The regional LST variation of 31 district-sized sub-regions was correlated to the types of UFZs in the region and structural features of the region such as area, size, diversity, complexity and connectivity. Results showed that: (1) UFZ types, in order from highest to lowest LST variation, were commercial, campus, high density residential, water, recreational, low density residential, road, preservation, and agricultural zones; (2) the regional LST variation was positively correlated with the area of campus, commercial, high density residential, water, and road zones, but negatively correlated with the area of agricultural and low density residential zones; (3) increased connectivity and complexity decreased regional LST variations. The results indicated that the stability of annual temperatures was determined not only by the UFZ type and size but also by the connectivity and complexity. These results are clearly useful and essential pieces of information that can be applied in urban planning to improve climate adaptability.Crown

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Temporal characteristics of the Beijing urban heat island

Cited by 124 publications

References 15 publications

On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan

On rising temperature trends of Karachi in Pakistan

Optimizing the spatial arrangement of trees in residential neighborhoods for better cooling effects: Integrating modeling with in-situ measurements

Assessing the stability of annual temperatures for different urban functional zones

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