Temporal Changes in Swallowing Function Caused by a Palate Covering

Prosthodontic treatment success depends on patients' ability to adapt to an altered oral environment containing removable prostheses. We investigated adaptive chewing-related brain activity changes in response to a new oral environment. Twenty-eight fully dentate subjects (mean age: 28·6 years) wore experimental denture-base palatal plates (3 mm thick), for 7 days. We measured food mixing ability and cycle time, and assessed brain activity by functional magnetic resonance imaging during chewing at pre-insertion (Day 0), and immediately (Day 1), 3 days (Day 3) and 7 days (Day 7) after insertion. Food mixing ability significantly decreased and cycle time increased on Day 1 as compared to Day 0 (P < 0·001) and tended to recover to Day 0 level by Day 7. Brain activation in the right face primary sensorimotor cortex and putamen significantly decreased on Day 1 as compared to Day 0 (P < 0·001) and recovered to Day 0 level by Day 7. Brain activation in the left face primary sensorimotor cortex, putamen, anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) and right posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) significantly decreased on Day 1 as compared to Day 0 (P < 0·001) and did not recover by Day 7. Thus, oral environment changes involving palate covering affected chewing and induced adaptive brain activity changes in the face primary sensorimotor cortex and putamen, possibly associated with motor learning. As ACG and pMFC activity remained unrecovered by 7 days after plate insertion, automatisation of chewing while wearing a palatal plate may require longer adaptation periods.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive change in chewing‐related brain activity while wearing a palatal plate: an functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Inamochi

Fueki

Usui

et al. 2017

“…Various methods, including electromyography, ultrasonography, videofluorography and pressure sensor measurement, have been used to evaluate the tongue function. In particular, evaluation of tongue pressure with a pressure sensor allows non‐invasive collection of accurate quantitative data on the time and force related to swallowing (12–17). Miller et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue pressure production while swallowing water and pudding and during dry swallow using a sensor sheet system

Furuya

Nakamura

Ono

et al. 2012

The tongue assumes an important role in bolus formation and transportation to the oropharynx and in retaining pharyngeal pressure during mastication and swallowing. Although the state of tongue-palate contact during swallowing is thought to change with bolus type, the details of these changes have yet to be clarified under normal physiological conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bolus type on tongue pressure production against the hard palate during swallowing. Tongue pressures during swallowing 10 mL of water and 10 g of pudding and during dry swallow were measured with a sensor sheet system with five measurement points to evaluate normal physiological swallowing in 10 healthy dentate individuals. There was a common pattern in the sequential order of tongue pressure generation among the three swallowing conditions: tongue pressure was generated significantly earlier at the anterior-median part, followed by the posterior parts. During swallowing pudding and dry swallow, the duration of tongue pressure tended to increase at all channels except for the posterior-median part. The maximal magnitude of tongue pressure was significantly higher when swallowing pudding than when swallowing water at all channels except for the posterior-median part. The integrated value of tongue pressure was significantly higher when swallowing pudding than when swallowing water at all channels except for the posterior-median part. From these results, it was considered the tongue changed the sequential order, the duration and the magnitude of tongue pressure production according to the swallowing conditions (liquid swallowing, semisolid swallowing, dry swallow).

“…In general, about 1 week may be required to become accustomed to palatal coverage . In the present study, measurements were taken for 2 weeks as a preliminary experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, subjects learned to increase the number of mastication strokes to form an easy swallowable bolus, compensating for reduced masticatory performance by palatal coverage. A possible explanation of reductions in BFI and DE is that wearing the plate blocked palate sensation (18) and altered the anatomical shape of the oral cavity, impairing the tongue movement during mastication (6,7). After wearing the palatal plate, only tongue sensations could be used to determine whether a swallowable bolus had been formed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impacts of palatal coverage on bolus formation during mastication and swallowing and subsequent adaptive changes

Sato

Furuya

Tamada

et al. 2013

Palatal coverage is often required for elderly edentulous patients with complete dentures. The purpose of this study was to clarify impacts of palatal coverage on bolus formation and subsequent adaptive changes. Subjects were 18 healthy young dentulous adults who wore 1·5-mm-thick palatal plates. Subjects were asked to feed 12 g of bicoloured rice as usual, and the bolus formation by mastication and swallowing in the pharynx was observed using a nasal videoendoscopy. The bolus formation index (BFI), number of mastication strokes until swallowing, visual analogue scale about swallowing easiness and masticatory performance using colour-changeable gum were measured under three conditions: before placement of the palatal plate (day 0), immediately after placement (day 1) and after 7 days of wearing the plate (day 7). BFI and visual analogue scale on day 1 were significantly lower than those on day 0, but those on day 7 significantly recovered to the level of day 0. The number of mastication strokes did not change from day 0 to day 1, however, that on day 7 was significantly higher. Masticatory performance on days 1 and 7 was significantly lower than that on day 0. Although palatal coverage inhibits bolus formation during feeding, subjects increased the number of mastication strokes until swallowing threshold as they adapted to palatal coverage over time. This adaptive change was due to compensate for the lowered masticatory performance to achieve bolus formation for comfortable swallowing.