Temporal Changes in Myeloid Cells in the Cervix during Pregnancy and Parturition

Timmons, Brenda C.; Fairhurst, Anna‐Marie; Mahendroo, Mala

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803138

Cited by 110 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…macrophage) can have diverse phenotypes dependent on the microenvironment limits the conclusions that can be drawn from these reports. Evidence from our group and others suggest that activation of immune cells is not required for physiological ripening at term (Hirsch et al 2006, Timmons & Mahendroo 2006, Gonzalez et al 2009, Timmons et al 2009). During ripening there is an influx of monocytes into the cervix that are dependent on the loss of P 4 function.…”

Section: Cervical Ripening and Dilation: Accelerated Phases Of Remodementioning

confidence: 73%

Cervical remodeling in term and preterm birth: insights from an animal model

Mahendroo¹

2012

Reproduction

170

148

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Proper cervical function is essential for a normal pregnancy and birth to occur. Understanding the mechanisms that take place in normal pregnancy will allow a better comprehension of the complications involved in premature cervical remodeling and lead to better methods of diagnostics and prevention for preterm birth. Unfortunately, human samples are not easily available, and samples that are collected are often confounded by variations in timing and region of cervix from which sample is collected. Animal models, specifically the mouse, have facilitated a great deal of exploration into the mechanisms of cervical function and pathways of preterm birth. This review highlights some of the groundbreaking discoveries that have arisen from murine research including 1) the identification of early pregnancy changes in collagen fibril processing and assembly that result in progressive modifications to collagen architecture with subsequent loss of tissue stiffness during pregnancy, 2) the determination that immune cells are not key to cervical ripening at term but have diverse phenotypes and functions in postpartum repair, and 3) the finding that the process of preterm cervical ripening can differ from term ripening and is dependent on the etiology of prematurity. These findings, which are relevant to human cervical biology, provide new insights that will allow targeted studies on the human cervix as well as identify potential biomarkers for early detection of premature cervical ripening and development of improved therapies to prevent premature ripening of the cervix and subsequent preterm birth.

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Section: Cervical Ripening and Dilation: Accelerated Phases Of Remodementioning

confidence: 73%

Cervical remodeling in term and preterm birth: insights from an animal model

Mahendroo¹

2012

Reproduction

170

148

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“…Increased presence of M2 macrophages during labor and immediately after birth suggests a key role of M2 macrophages in maternal tissue repair after birth. 56 Macrophages abundantly present in tumors are called tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). 57 Unlike the other tissue-resident macrophages, TAMs represent more of an M2 phenotype.…”

Section: Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocyte and Macrophage Plasticity in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

Das

Sinha

Datta

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Pathology

568

488

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Heterogeneity and high versatility are the characteristic features of the cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage. The mononuclear phagocyte system, derived from the bone marrow progenitor cells, is primarily composed of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. In regenerative tissues, a central role of monocyte-derived macrophages and paracrine factors secreted by these cells is indisputable. Macrophages are highly plastic cells. On the basis of environmental cues and molecular mediators, these cells differentiate to proinflammatory type I macrophage (M1) or anti-inflammatory or proreparative type II macrophage (M2) phenotypes and transdifferentiate into other cell types. Given a central role in tissue repair and regeneration, the review focuses on the heterogeneity of monocytes and macrophages with current known mechanisms of differentiation and plasticity, including microenvironmental cues and molecular mediators, such as noncoding RNAs. (Am J Pathol 2015, 185: 2596e2606; http://dx

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“…Human cervical biopsy specimens have been obtained from patients in preterm and term labor, preterm and term nonlabor and nonpregnant patients after a hysterectomy to describe the cervical extracellular matrix and its relationship to abnormal labor [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]15,16,18,25,28,[46][47][48]. Animal studies have also provided insight into the changes in extracellular matrix that occur in the uterine cervix during pregnancy [17,[19][20][21][22]28,33,34,36,[49][50][51][52][53][54]. Studies of cervical biopsy tissue have been conducted in pregnant women as early as 1960 [18].…”

Section: Importance Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The transcriptome of cervical ripening in human pregnancy before the onset of labor at term: Identification of novel molecular functions involved in this process

Hassan¹,

Romero²,

Tarca³

et al. 2009

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Objective. The aim of this study was to identify changes in the cervical transcriptome in the human uterine cervix as a function of ripening before the onset of labor. Study Design. Human cervical tissue was obtained from women at term not in labor with ripe (n ¼ 11) and unripe (n ¼ 11) cervices and profiled using Affymetrix GeneChip 1 HGU133Plus2.0 arrays. Gene expression was analyzed using a moderated t-test (False Discovery Rate 5%). Gene ontology and pathway analysis were performed. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for confirmation of selected differentially expressed genes. Results.(1) Ninety-one genes were differentially expressed between ripe and unripe groups. (2) Cervical ripening was associated with enrichment of specific biological processes (e.g. cell adhesion, regulation of anatomical structure), pathways and 11 molecular functions (e.g. extracelluar matrix (ECM)-structural constituent, protein binding, glycosaminoglycan binding). (3) qRT-PCR confirmed that 9 of 11 tested differentially expressed genes (determined by microarray) were upregulated in a ripe cervix (e.g. MYOCD, VCAN, THBS1, COL5A1). (4) Twenty-three additional genes related to ECM metabolism and adhesion molecules were differentially regulated (by qRT-PCR) in ripe cervices. Conclusion.(1) This is the first description of the changes in the human cervical transcriptome with ripening before the onset of labor. (2) Biological processes, pathways and molecular functions were identified with the use of this unbiased approach. (3) In contrast to cervical dilation after term labor, inflammation-related genes did not emerge as differentially regulated with cervical ripening. (4) Myocardin was identified as a novel gene upregulated in human cervical ripening.

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Temporal Changes in Myeloid Cells in the Cervix during Pregnancy and Parturition

Cited by 110 publications

References 56 publications

Cervical remodeling in term and preterm birth: insights from an animal model

Cervical remodeling in term and preterm birth: insights from an animal model

Monocyte and Macrophage Plasticity in Tissue Repair and Regeneration

The transcriptome of cervical ripening in human pregnancy before the onset of labor at term: Identification of novel molecular functions involved in this process

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