Temporal change of composition and potential activity of the thermophilic archaeal community during the composting of organic material

Thummes, Kathrin; Kämpfer, Peter; Jäckel, Udo

doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2007.01.006

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The dynamics of CH 4 emission have been recorded as similar to those of NH 3 (Paillat et al, 2005), both being primarily emitted during the thermophilic phase (Thummes et al, 2007). As observed by and Szanto et al (2007), in compost (especially in static compost), there were gradients in CH 4 concentration with depth.…”

Section: C321 Key Parameterssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…As reported by Amlinger et al (2008) who compared different waste and composting systems, decomposition of household waste led to higher CH 4 generation than green waste and greater CH 4 could be detected from home composters than windrow composting piles. However, as indicated in previous studies and IPCC guidelines, the CH 4 generated is assumed to be oxidized to a large extent in composting (IPCC, 2006, Halet et al, 2006, Thummes et al, 2007. Via literature review, the CH 4 emission factor concluded by Amlinger et al (2008) (no greater than 2.5% of total C emitted) was selected as an appropriate estimation for the active composting scenarios as it was representative of aerated composting systems (Hellebrand, 1998, Paillat et al, 2005 and consistent with the range recommended by IPCC (2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Composting can be sources of atmospheric CH 4 (Thummes et al, 2007) and N can be lost as NH 3 or N 2 O during this process (Szanto et al, 2007). Researches were carried out on C/N dynamics under different composting methods with various operation parameters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for other potential N gaseous losses, as discussed before, only few publications are available (Szanto et al, 2007, Fukumoto andInubushi, 2009) (Jackel et al, 2005)) and over 90% of CH 4 produced is usually assumed to be oxidized to CO 2 in the compost before it reaches the atmosphere (Jackel et al, 2005, Halet et al, 2006, Thummes et al, 2007.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

Guo¹

2012

Springer Theses

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LCA of Light-weight Eco-composites Statement of originality 2 Statement of originalityI hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge it contains no materials previously published or written by another person.Contributions made to the research of this thesis by others, with whom I have worked with are explicitly acknowledged. I also declare that the intellectual content of this thesis is the product of my own work, except to the extent that assistance from others with data collection and modification of process-oriented model DNDC is acknowledged. Miao GuoSep 2010 LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 3 AbstractThe environmental profiles of novel wheat based foam materials were investigated in this thesis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods. The LCAs were developed using primary data collected from industrial sources combined with new laboratory experiments supplemented with secondary data from publicly available sources.Laboratory research was conducted to obtain important missing data on WBFs for the LCA modelling, including physico-chemical parameters, biodegradability and energy recovery under anaerobic digestion conditions.Contribution analysis suggested that the emissions evolved from the wheat agroecosystem and PVOH production, together with the energy and infrastructure involved in WBF production were the major contributors to the environmental burdens of the WBF life cycle in most impact categories. The atmospheric emissions resulting from WBF degradation at the end-of-life also emerged as another important contributor to environmental impact. Amongst the diverse ‗end-of-life' scenarios examined, AD and home composting were suggested to be the optimum choices for WBF waste treatment. This research discusses two N 2 O modelling approaches and presents a method to expand the system boundary by integrating the process-oriented model DNDC for field emissions into the LCA. Sensitivity analysis suggests that the environmental profiles of agricultural products are influenced substantially by the system boundary definition. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAbstract 4 Furthermore, it suggests that the ‗general rule' in LCA practice by applying an empirical model or a default emission factor (EF) could deliver unreliable LCA findings.This study also evaluated the sensitivity of the LCA results to methodology and data variations and quantified the uncertainties in the LCA outcomes arising from uncertainty in the inventory and data variability. This has led to an increase in confidence in the LCA findings. At the same time it indicates the areas where improvements in data or methods are needed in order for robust conclusions to be drawn and unbiased information to be delivered e.g. the methodological rigidity of characterization models, the IPCC Tier 1 EF uncertainty range. LCA of Light-weight Eco-compositesAcknowledgements 5

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Section: C321 Key Parameterssupporting

confidence: 57%

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Light-Weight Eco-composites

Guo¹

2012

Springer Theses

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“…It is believed that the longer generation times of archaea, in comparison with bacteria, made the archaea unsuitable for the rapidly changing conditions in the composting process. Nevertheless, in recent works, and using the right tools, a considerable number of cultivable (Methanosarcina termophila, Methanothermobacter sp., Methanobacterium formicicum, among others) and yet uncultivated archaea have been detected in composting processes [29][30].…”

Section: The Composting Processmentioning

confidence: 99%