Temporal Assessment of the Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a Toronto Streetcar Line

Makarchuk, Benjamin; Saxe, Shoshanna

doi:10.1061/(asce)is.1943-555x.0000475

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The methodology employed, known as life cycle assessment (LCA), is globally recognized for quantifying emissions across the entire life cycle of specific products or systems [39][40][41]. However, the initial definition of this methodology was intended for general application across various product types.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Calculation for Urban Rail Transit Systems: The Case of Pernambuco Metro

et al. 2023

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In recent years, the issue of climate change has gained significant attention and become a focal point of discussion in various sectors of civil society. Governments, individuals, and scientists worldwide are increasingly concerned about the observed changes in climate patterns, often attributed to the rising levels of greenhouse gases. In this context, the main objective of this study is to assess the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the railway system in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and compare them with other national case studies, aiming to obtain greenhouse gas emission parameters specific to the railway system and propose mitigation models to address this environmental impact in the air. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology was employed to examine the life cycle of the Pernambuco Metro. This involved conducting an inventory of resource inputs and emissions using actual observed data. Additionally, a comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emissions across different urban rail transport systems is presented to provide valuable contextual insights. The study findings reveal that the total greenhouse gas emissions from the Pernambuco rail system amount to 6170.54 t CO2e. Considering a projected total service life of 50 years, the estimated greenhouse gas emissions for the entire life cycle of the system’s operation and maintenance reach 308,550 t CO2e. The interdisciplinary nature of this research highlights the significance of studying the atmospheric effects of the Pernambuco railway system as a crucial parameter for designing strategies and technologies aimed at reducing air pollution within the region. Through quantifying and analyzing the greenhouse gas emissions of the Pernambuco rail system, this study provides valuable insights that contribute to addressing concerns related to climate change and promoting sustainable practices. It underscores the importance of developing effective strategies to mitigate air pollution and facilitates informed decision-making for the future of urban transportation systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Calculation for Urban Rail Transit Systems: The Case of Pernambuco Metro

et al. 2023

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“…This is partly due to the lower energy efficiency of these vehicles, especially when carrying smaller loads or fewer passengers [37]. Internal combustion engines commonly used in road vehicles are less efficient in terms of energy conversion while in motion, resulting in higher fuel consumption and consequently higher GHG emissions [38]. Moreover, a study on the impact of cargo modal transfer policy on carbon emissions in China concluded that road transportation is the most polluting mode among various transportation modes, while rail transportation has lower carbon emissions [39].…”

Section: Carbon Emission Characteristics Of Railwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Railways: Systematic Review of Research Progress

da Fonseca-Soares,

Eliziário,

Galvincio

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Rail transportation plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions from the transportation system, making a significant contribution to environmental impact mitigation due to the efficiency of passenger and freight rail transportation. Accurate assessment of carbon emissions resulting from rail transit is essential to quantify the positive impact of this mode of transportation on overall urban transport emission reduction. Given that measuring carbon emissions throughout the lifecycle of rail transportation involves a wide array of factors, adopting a systematic framework for analyzing these aspects is crucial. This study conducts a comprehensive review of existing research related to carbon emissions in rail transportation and its mitigation. Initially, the distinct characteristics of carbon emissions associated with rail transportation are identified, along with the complexity involved in accurately measuring these emissions. Subsequently, a comparison and analysis are conducted regarding various models for measuring carbon emissions in rail transportation. Finally, the study examines some greenhouse gas emission measurement research within the railway system. Redirecting research efforts toward measuring carbon emissions in the rail transportation system is essential to help the development of robust and effective public policies. This measure will play a crucial role in emission reduction, climate change mitigation, and the promotion of more sustainable transportation. Furthermore, the identified results propose which LCA methodology offers a valuable framework improving the quality of railway transportation emissions for future generations.

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“…This section focusses on past analyses which have modeled the spatial and temporal aspects of digital communications infrastructure. All infrastructure assets exist in space and time, therefore are inherently subject to spatio-temporal dynamics (Kasraian, Maat, & van Wee, 2019;Makarchuk & Saxe, 2019;Pacsi, Sanders, Webber, & Allen, 2014;Peer, Garrison, Timms, & Sanders, 2016;Sanders, 2015;Serok, Levy, Havlin, & Blumenfeld-Lieberthal, 2019). As infrastructure is highly durable and becomes a sunk cost in an existing asset portfolio, these assets ultimately become subject to path-dependent lock-in effects, where migration away from a particular technological trajectory becomes costly due to increasing returns to scale (Arthur, 1994).…”

Section: Review Of Digital Infrastructure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of spatio-temporal infrastructure assessment: Evidence for 5G from the Oxford–Cambridge Arc

Oughton

Russell

2020

Computers, Environment and Urban Systems

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The roll-out of 5G infrastructure can provide enhanced high capacity, low latency communications enabling a range of new use cases. However, to deliver the improvements 5G promises, we need to understand how to enhance capacity and coverage, at reasonable cost, across space and over time. In this paper, we take a spatiotemporal simulation modeling approach, using industry-standard engineering models of 5G wireless networks, to test how different infrastructure strategies perform under scenarios of uncertain future demand. We use coupled open-source models to analyze a UK growth corridor, a system-of-cities comprising 7 urban areas, known as the Oxford-Cambridge Arc. We find that population growth has a marginal impact on total demand for 5G (up to 15%), as the main factor driving demand is the increase in per user data consumption resulting mainly from video. Additionally, the results suggest only limited justification for deploying 5G based purely on the need for more capacity. Strategies which reuse existing brownfield Macro Cell sites are enough to meet future demand for Enhanced Mobile Broadband, except in the densest urban areas. While spatio-temporal analysis of infrastructure is common in some sectors (e.g. transport, energy and water), there has been a lack of open analysis of digital infrastructure. This study makes a novel contribution by providing an open and reproducible spatiotemporal assessment of different 5G technologies at a time when 5G is starting to roll-out around the world.

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Temporal Assessment of the Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a Toronto Streetcar Line

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Calculation for Urban Rail Transit Systems: The Case of Pernambuco Metro

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions Calculation for Urban Rail Transit Systems: The Case of Pernambuco Metro

Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Railways: Systematic Review of Research Progress

The importance of spatio-temporal infrastructure assessment: Evidence for 5G from the Oxford–Cambridge Arc

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