Temporal and spatial variations of the water erosion rate

Mosaffaie, Jamal; Ekhtesasi, M R; Dastorani, Mohammad Taghi; Azimzadeh, H R; Chahuki, Mohammad Ali Zare

doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1628-z

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The above relationship is amplified for the Mediterranean and humid-temperate settings with < 5 % and > 70 % of MAE occurring during wet and dry seasons, respectively. The latter is in agreement with an observational study by Mosaffaie et al (2015) in a Mediterranean catchment in Iran. More specifically, Mosaffaie et al (2015) used field observations from 2012-2013 to conclude that maximum erosion rates (> 70 %) are observed during the wet season, which decrease in the dry season (< 10 %).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Catchment Erosion Rates Over Wet and Dry Seasonssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similar seasonality in sediment loads was reported in a field study in Iran, using sediment traps and erosion pins. The authors concluded that wet seasons experienced maximum erosion rates (> 70 % of annual), which decreased in dry seasons (< 10 % of annual) (Mosaffaie et al, 2015). Field observations in the heavily vegetated Columbian Andes concluded that soil erosion and nutrient losses are significantly influenced by precipitation seasonality (Suescún et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of seasonal variations in vegetation and precipitation on catchment erosion rates along a climate and ecological gradient: insights from numerical modeling

Sharma,

Ehlers

2023

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Precipitation in wet seasons influences catchment erosion and contributes to annual erosion rates. However, wet seasons are also associated with increased vegetation cover, which helps resist erosion. This study investigates the effect of present-day seasonal variations in rainfall and vegetation cover on erosion rates for four catchments along the extreme climate and ecological gradient (from arid to temperate) of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (∼ 26–∼ 38∘ S). We do this using the Landlab–SPACE landscape evolution model to account for vegetation-dependent hillslope–fluvial processes and hillslope hydrology. Model inputs include present-day (90 m) topography and a time series (from 2000–2019) of MODIS-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for vegetation seasonality, weather station observations of precipitation, and evapotranspiration obtained from Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) Noah. The sensitivity of catchment-scale erosion rates to seasonal average variations in precipitation and/or vegetation cover was quantified using numerical model simulations. Simulations were conducted for 1000 years (20 years of vegetation and precipitation observations repeated 50 times). After detrending the results for long-term transient changes, the last 20 years were analyzed. Results indicate that when vegetation cover is variable but precipitation is held constant, the amplitude of change in erosion rates relative to mean erosion rates ranges between 5 % (arid) and 36 % (Mediterranean setting). In contrast, in simulations with variable precipitation change and constant vegetation cover, the amplitude of change in erosion rates is higher and ranges between 13 % (arid) and 91 % (Mediterranean setting). Finally, simulations with coupled precipitation and vegetation cover variations demonstrate variations in catchment erosion of 13 % (arid) to 97 % (Mediterranean setting). Taken together, we find that precipitation variations more strongly influence seasonal variations in erosion rates. However, the effects of seasonal variations in vegetation cover on erosion are also significant (between 5 % and 36 %) and are most pronounced in semi-arid to Mediterranean settings and least prevalent in arid and humid–temperature settings.

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Section: Synthesis Of Catchment Erosion Rates Over Wet and Dry Seasonssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of seasonal variations in vegetation and precipitation on catchment erosion rates along a climate and ecological gradient: insights from numerical modeling

Sharma,

Ehlers

2023

Earth Surf. Dynam.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The above relationship is amplified for the Mediterranean and humid-temperate settings with <5% and >70% of MAE occurring during wet and dry seasons, respectively. The latter is in agreement with an observational study by Mosaffaie et al, (2015) in a Mediterranean catchment in Iran. More specifically, Mosaffaie et al, (2015) used field observations from 2012-2013 to conclude that maximum erosion rates (>70%) are observed during the wet season, which decreases in the dry season (<10%).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Catchment Erosion Rates Over Wet and Dry Seasonssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The latter is in agreement with an observational study by Mosaffaie et al, (2015) in a Mediterranean catchment in Iran. More specifically, Mosaffaie et al, (2015) used field observations from 2012-2013 to conclude that maximum erosion rates (>70%) are observed during the wet season, which decreases in the dry season (<10%).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Catchment Erosion Rates Over Wet and Dry Seasonssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similar seasonality in sediment loads was reported in a field study in Iran, using sediment traps and erosion pins. These authors concluded that wet seasons have maximum erosion rates (>70% of annual), which decreases in the dry season (<10% of annual) (Mosaffaie et al, 2015). Field observations in the heavily vegetated Columbian Andes concluded that soil erosion and nutrient losses are significantly influenced by precipitation seasonality (Suescún et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of seasonal variations in vegetation and precipitation on catchment erosion rates along a climate and ecological gradient: Insights from numerical modelling

Sharma¹,

Ehlers²

2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Precipitation in wet seasons influences catchment erosion and contributes to annual erosion rates. However, wet seasons are also associated with increased vegetation cover, which helps resist erosion. This study investigates the effect of present-day seasonal variations in rainfall and vegetation cover on erosion rates for four catchments along the extreme climate and ecological gradient (from arid to temperate) of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera (~26° S – ~38° S). We do this using the Landlab-SPACE landscape evolution model modified to account for vegetation-dependent hillslope-fluvial processes and hillslope hydrology. Model inputs include present-day (90 m) topography, and a timeseries (from 2000–2019) of MODIS-derived NDVI for vegetation seasonality; weather station observations of precipitation; and evapotranspiration obtained from GLDAS NOAH. Simulations were conducted with a step-wise increase in complexity to quantify the sensitivity of catchment scale erosion rates to seasonal variations in precipitation and/or vegetation cover. Simulations were conducted for 1,000 years (20 years of vegetation and precipitation observations repeated 50 times). After detrending the results for long-term transient changes, the last 20 years were analyzed. Results indicate that when vegetation cover is varied but precipitation is held constant, the amplitude of change in erosion rates relative to mean erosion rates ranges between 6.5 % (humid-temperate) to 36 % (Mediterranean setting). In contrast, in simulations with variable precipitation change and constant vegetation cover, the amplitude of change in erosion rates is higher and ranges between 13 % (arid) to 91 % (Mediterranean setting). Finally, simulations with coupled precipitation and vegetation cover variations demonstrate variations in catchment erosion of 13 % (arid) to 97 % (Mediterranean setting). Taken together, we find that precipitation variations more strongly influence seasonal variations in erosion rates. However, the effects of seasonal variations in vegetation cover on erosion are also significant (between 5–36 %) and are most pronounced in semi-arid to Mediterranean settings and least prevalent in arid and humid-temperature settings.

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