Temporal and Spatial Variation of Anthropogenic Heat in the Central Urban Area: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China

Abstract

The urban heat island effect caused by the rapid increase in urban anthropogenic heat has gradually become an important factor affecting the living environment of urban residents. Studying the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of urban anthropogenic heat is of great significance for urban planning and urban ecological service systems. In this study, the urban anthropogenic heat flux (AHF) in 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2020 in the central urban area of Guangzhou was retrieved based on Landsat data and the surface energy balance equation, and the temporal and spatial characteristics of different types of anthropogenic heat were explored by combining the transfer matrix and the migration of the gravity center. The results showed that: (1) The overall change trend of anthropogenic heat in the central urban area of Guangzhou was enhanced, and the degree of enhancement was related to the type of urban functional land. (2) Different types of anthropogenic heat had different characteristics in terms of area expansion and spatial changes. Low-value anthropogenic heat (zero-AHF zone, low-AHF zone, medium-AHF zone) changed drastically in terms of area expansion. High-value anthropogenic heat (medium-AHF zone, high-AHF zone) changed more drastically in space. The increase in urban population, rapid economic development, and increased industrial production activities have stimulated the emission of anthropogenic heat, which has a positive impact on the intensity of anthropogenic heat.

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Their Influencing Factors in Urumqi, China

“…The shift distance of the gravity center can be used to express the spatial change characteristics of the feature type, and the expression is as follows [ 30 ]: where ( X t , Y t ) and ( X t − 1 , Y t − 1 ) are the gravity centers of the elements at different times.…”

“…where X and Y represent the latitude and longitude coordinates of the gravity center of HFMD and X i and Y i indicate the latitude and longitude coordinates, respectively, of each HFMD case detailed address. The shift distance of the gravity center can be used to express the spatial change characteristics of the feature type, and the expression is as follows [30]:…”

A Multi-Criteria Evaluation of the Urban Ecological Environment in Shanghai Based on Remote Sensing

“…(2) When the smaller the criterion, the better the ecological environment: (13) in the usual notation.…”

“…Jiang et al [9] focused on the land surface temperature (LST) retrieving according to remote sensing data. Peng et al [13] focused on studying the urban heat island effect through anthropogenic heat flux. However, the evaluation of ecological environment based on a single criterion is biased and lacks comprehensiveness.…”

Responses of Heat Stress to Temperature and Humidity Changes Due to Anthropogenic Heating and Urban Expansion in South and North China

“…In the current WRF-SLUCM system, both the ASH and ALH components of AH are considered. We adopted local AH releases (Table 3) over Chinese cities (Miao and Chen, 2014;Yang et al, 2015;Chew et al, 2021;Peng et al, 2021), replacing the default value modeled in WRF to improve HS simulation. The diurnal cycles of ASH and ALH (W m −2 ) in high-, medium-and low-density cities were added into the model by diurnal profiles coefficient (shown in Figures 1g,i) acting on the AH values shown in Table 3.…”