Temporal and spatial regulation of fliP, an early flagellar gene of Caulobacter crescentus that is required for motility and normal cell division

Gober, James W.; Boyd, Charles H.; Jarvis, Michael R.; Mangan, Erin; Rizzo, M F; Wingrove, James A.

doi:10.1128/jb.177.13.3656-3667.1995

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…The first set of genes to be expressed (class II genes) is absolutely required for the expression of class III and IV genes, which code for the most external flagellar structures. Several strains with mutations in class II genes have been isolated, and all show a nonmotile phenotype as well as defects in cell division (7,12,24,59).The class II genes are all transcribed at the same time during the cell cycle, being expressed in the early predivisional cell, before any of the class III genes are expressed. The promoter sequences of some of the class II genes have been described and show a conserved element between positions Ϫ40 to Ϫ20 relative to the start site of transcription that is distinct from the consensus promoter sequences for Caulobacter 70 and 54 (3,12,48,49,53,(59)(60)(61).…”

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confidence: 99%

A gene coding for a putative sigma 54 activator is developmentally regulated in Caulobacter crescentus

1997

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In Caulobacter crescentus, the alternative sigma factor 54 plays an important role in the expression of late flagellar genes.54 -dependent genes are temporally and spatially controlled, being expressed only in the swarmer pole of the predivisional cell. The only 54 activator described so far is the FlbD protein, which is involved in activation of the class III and IV flagellar genes and repression of the fliF promoter. To identify new roles for 54 in the metabolism and differentiation of C. crescentus, we cloned and characterized a gene encoding a putative 54 activator, named tacA. The deduced amino acid sequence from tacA has high similarity to the proteins from the NtrC family of transcriptional activators, including the aspartate residues that are phosphorylated by histidine kinases in other activators. The promoter region of the tacA gene contains a conserved sequence element present in the promoters of class II flagellar genes, and tacA shows a temporal pattern of expression similar to the patterns of these genes. We constructed an insertional mutant that is disrupted in tacA (strain SP2016), and an analysis of this strain showed that it has all polar structures, such as pili, stalk, and flagellum, and displays a motile phenotype, indicating that tacA is not involved in the flagellar biogenesis pathway. However, this strain has a high percentage of filamentous cells and shows a clear-plaque phenotype when infected with phage Cb5. These results suggest that the TacA protein could mediate the effect of 54 on a different pathway in C. crescentus.The Caulobacter crescentus cell cycle has a precisely controlled differentiation program in which two dissimilar daughter cells, a motile swarmer cell and a sessile stalked cell, are generated at every round of cell division (for reviews, see references 8 and 22). The coordination of all steps involved in these morphological changes is still poorly understood, but genetic evidence shows that stalk and flagellum biogenesis are related to cell division and chromosome replication (7,13,48,52).The most extensively studied process in Caulobacter differentiation is flagellum biogenesis. Expression of flagellar genes in the predivisional cell is cell cycle regulated and is subjected to a complex regulatory hierarchy. The first set of genes to be expressed (class II genes) is absolutely required for the expression of class III and IV genes, which code for the most external flagellar structures. Several strains with mutations in class II genes have been isolated, and all show a nonmotile phenotype as well as defects in cell division (7,12,24,59).The class II genes are all transcribed at the same time during the cell cycle, being expressed in the early predivisional cell, before any of the class III genes are expressed. The promoter sequences of some of the class II genes have been described and show a conserved element between positions Ϫ40 to Ϫ20 relative to the start site of transcription that is distinct from the consensus promoter sequences for Caulobacter 70 and 54 (3,12,4...

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confidence: 99%

A gene coding for a putative sigma 54 activator is developmentally regulated in Caulobacter crescentus

1997

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“…A similar function of a FliP homolog in the plant pathogen Xanthomonas compestris has also been documented (Gober et al, 1995). Previous studies have demonstrated that the FliP in other pathogenic microorganisms is required for virulence or is present in operons linked to virulence (Gober et al, 1995). Oddly, Y. pestis is nonmotile but still retains active flagellar basal structure genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…FliP orthologs in Shigella and Salmonella are requisite for translocation and delivery of invasionassociated virulence proteins (Groisman and Ochman, 1993). A similar function of a FliP homolog in the plant pathogen Xanthomonas compestris has also been documented (Gober et al, 1995). Previous studies have demonstrated that the FliP in other pathogenic microorganisms is required for virulence or is present in operons linked to virulence (Gober et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antigenic Profiling of Yersinia Pestis Infection in the Wyoming Coyote (Canis Latrans)

Vernati

Rocke

Little

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Although Yersinia pestis is classified as a ''high-virulence'' pathogen, some host species are variably susceptible to disease. Coyotes (Canis latrans) exhibit mild, if any, symptoms during infection, but antibody production occurs postinfection. This immune response has been reported to be against the F1 capsule, although little subsequent characterization has been conducted. To further define the nature of coyote humoral immunity to plague, qualitative serology was conducted to assess the antiplague antibody repertoire. Humoral responses to six plasmidencoded Y. pestis virulence factors were first examined. Of 20 individual immune coyotes, 90% were reactive to at least one other antigen in the panel other than F1. The frequency of reactivity to low calcium response plasmid (pLcr)-encoded Yersinia protein kinase A (YpkA) and Yersinia outer protein D (YopD) was significantly greater than that previously observed in a murine model for plague. Additionally, both V antigen and plasminogen activator were reactive with over half of the serum samples tested. Reactivity to F1 was markedly less frequent in coyotes (35%). Twenty previously tested antibody-negative samples were also examined. While the majority were negative across the panel, 15% were positive for 1-3 non-F1 antigens. In vivo-induced antigen technology employed to identify novel chromosomal genes of Y. pestis that are up-regulated during infection resulted in the identification of five proteins, including a flagellar component (FliP) that was uniquely reactive with the coyote serum compared with immune serum from two other host species. Collectively, these data suggest that humoral immunity to pLcr-encoded antigens and the pesticin plasmid (pPst)-encoded Pla antigen may be relevant to plague resistance in coyotes. The serologic profile of Y. pestis chromosomal antigens up-regulated in vivo specific to C. latrans may provide insight into the differences in the pathogen-host responses during Y. pestis infection.

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“…Mutations that prevent completion of class II gene product assembly also inhibit cytokinesis (73,289). The inhibition of cytokinesis was shown to be the result of inactive FlbD, and it occurs temporally after the formation of the FtsZ ring (167).…”

Section: Flagellum Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting in the Loop: Regulation of Development inCaulobacter crescentus

Curtis

Brun

2010

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

241

233

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SUMMARY Caulobacter crescentus is an aquatic Gram-negative alphaproteobacterium that undergoes multiple changes in cell shape, organelle production, subcellular distribution of proteins, and intracellular signaling throughout its life cycle. Over 40 years of research has been dedicated to this organism and its developmental life cycles. Here we review a portion of many developmental processes, with particular emphasis on how multiple processes are integrated and coordinated both spatially and temporally. While much has been discovered about Caulobacter crescentus development, areas of potential future research are also highlighted.

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Temporal and spatial regulation of fliP, an early flagellar gene of Caulobacter crescentus that is required for motility and normal cell division

Cited by 25 publications

References 73 publications

A gene coding for a putative sigma 54 activator is developmentally regulated in Caulobacter crescentus

A gene coding for a putative sigma 54 activator is developmentally regulated in Caulobacter crescentus

Antigenic Profiling of Yersinia Pestis Infection in the Wyoming Coyote (Canis Latrans)

Getting in the Loop: Regulation of Development inCaulobacter crescentus

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