Temporal and spatial distribution and production of dissolved gaseous mercury in the Bay St. François wetland, in the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada

Garcia, Édenise; Laroulandie, J.; Saint-Simon, Xavier R.; Amyot, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.02.008

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, a recent work by Canario and Vale [2004] has provided evidence that mercury may release from intertidal sediments exposed to solar radiation. However, at the BSF site, light penetration to the sediment surface is limited [ Garcia et al , 2006]. Therefore minimum formation of DGM at the sediment due to direct photochemical process is expected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air‐water gas exchange of mercury in the Bay Saint François wetlands: Observation and model parameterization

Zhang

Poissant

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Total gaseous mercury (TGM) air-water flux measurements were taken using a dynamic flux chamber (DFC) coupled with a gaseous mercury (Hg) analyzer at the Bay St. François (BSF) wetlands (Quebec, Canada) in summer 2003. The measured TGM fluxes over water exhibited a consistent diurnal pattern, with maximum emissions during daytime and minimum fluxes occurring at night. Pearson correlation analysis showed that solar radiation was the most influential environmental parameter in TGM air-water exchange. Significant correlations were also found between TGM fluxes and 1 hour timelagged water temperature, indicating the enhancement of fluxes by bacterial activities or chemical reactions. The concentrations of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) in water were measured during the 2003 sampling period and indicated that DGM was always supersaturated, which implied that the water body acted primarily as a source of mercury to the atmosphere. Several empirical models of mercury air-water gas exchange were developed and evaluated. Compared to the published models, these proposed models were capable of producing good results, leading to a better agreement between the measured and modeled fluxes (improvements by 48-98%). Among these empirical models, the ones linking TGM fluxes with net radiation were superior because of their strong predictive capability. Two preferred models were selected for air-water TGM flux estimation from Lake St. Pierre's surrounding wetlands. These two models yield a mean emission of 0.19-0.24 kg mercury during

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the BSF watershed, chromophore attenuation in the water column is important. However, little effect of light on sediment photochemistry is expected due to limited light penetration [ Garcia et al , 2006]. Additional information on the BSF wetlands can be found in Poissant et al [2004c].…”

Section: Methodology: Site Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air‐water gas exchange of mercury in the Bay Saint François wetlands: Observation and model parameterization

Zhang

Poissant

et al. 2006

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Not only direct photolysis but also various photo-induced reductions of mercury(II) are observed in artificial reservoirs and the ocean (Fantozzi et al 2013;Garcia et al 2006;Park et al 2008). Particulate minerals, such as Fe(III) and Mn(IV) (hydr)oxides (Nriagu 1994;Zhang and Lindberg 2001), and organic matter (Zheng et al 2011) are the major participants in the photochemical reduction of mercury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect on the Photo-production of Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in Post-desulfurized Seawater Discharged from a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Sun

Yuan

et al. 2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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A high concentration of dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) was detected in post-desulfurized waste seawater, which was discharged from a coal-fired power plant equipped with a seawater desulfurization system and which was located in a coastal area. A large amount of DGM was converted from other forms of mercury during transformation processes, such as photo-reduction. The present study targeted the photo-reduction of mercury and the effects of various environmental parameters on DGM production in the post-desulfurized seawater discharged. The results suggested that the photoreduction of mercury was significantly induced under UV radiation, especially with UVB. The particulate mercury on suspended solids was easily photo-reduced and considered as an important source of DGM. It was confirmed that the suspended solids in postdesulfurized seawater could enhance the reduction process of mercury under UV radiation. The pseudo-firstorder rate constants of DGM production, which were determined through the concentration gradient and trial methods, were 1.39×10 −3 min −1 and 1.45×10 −3 min −1 , respectively. The values showed no significant difference and were both much higher than the reported results, indicating that the photo-reduction of mercury in post-desulfurized seawater deserved more attention. In addition, the initial mercury level was observed when mixing the post-desulfurized seawater with fresh seawater, and this suggested that a significant amount of initial mercury would be produced when the post-desulfurized seawater was discharged into the adjacent sea area and thus becomes another considerable source of DGM.

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“…DGM is composed primarily of elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) in freshwaters, and RHg (includes DGM and “easily reducible” Hg species) is operationally defined as a fraction of THg that is easily reducible with the addition of SnCl 2 [ Rolfhus and Fitzgerald , ]. Although RHg and DGM constitute a small portion of THg in aquatic systems [ Krabbenhoft et al ., ; Garcia et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ], it is of a great importance to study the fate of RHg and DGM due to their connections to both Hg methylation in aquatic systems and Hg emission from water environments [ Xu et al ., ; Gårdfeldt et al ., ; Marvin‐DiPasquale and Cox , ; Skyllberg et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and production of reactive mercury and dissolved gaseous mercury in surface waters and water/air mercury flux in reservoirs on Wujiang River, Southwest China

Feng

Guo³

et al. 2013

JGR Atmospheres

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[1] Transformation and distribution of mercury (Hg) species play an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of mercury in aquatic systems. Measurements of water/air exchange fluxes of Hg, reactive mercury (RHg), and dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) concentrations were conducted at 14 sites in five reservoirs on the Wujiang River, Guizhou, Southwest China. Clear spatial and temporal variations in Hg fluxes, RHg, and DGM concentrations were observed in the study area. Hg fluxes and RHg concentrations exhibited a consistent diurnal variation in the study area, with maximum fluxes and concentrations during daytime. A typical diurnal trend of DGM with elevated concentration at night was observed in a eutrophic reservoir with elevated bacteria abundance, suggesting a bacteria-induced production of DGM in this reservoir. For other reservoirs, a combination of sunlight-stimulated production and loss via photo-induced oxidation and evaporation regulated the diurnal trends of DGM. Seasonal variations with elevated Hg fluxes and RHg concentrations in warm season were noticeable in the study area, which highlighted the combined effect of interrelationships between Hg species in water and environmental parameters. Hg fluxes exhibited much more significant correlations with RHg and THg concentrations and air temperature compared to DGM concentrations and solar radiation. The measured fluxes were significantly higher than those simulated using the water/air thin film Hg 0 gradient model. Aside from the potential limitations of dynamic flux chamber method, this may also suggest the thin film gas exchange model is not capable of predicting water/air Hg flux under low wind speed conditions. Additionally, it is speculated that DGM concentrations might vary significantly in surface waters with depth, and measurements of DGM at a depth of 2-4 cm below the water surface probably underestimated the DGM concentration that should be taken into account in simulations of water/air flux using the thin film gas exchange model. An empirical model of water/air Hg flux was developed, and the simulated fluxes were compared well with measurements. The model yields a mean annual Hg emission of 3.2 AE 1.0 kg in the study area.Citation: Fu, X., X. Feng, Y. Guo, B. Meng, R. Yin, and H. Yao (2013), Distribution and production of reactive mercury and dissolved gaseous mercury in surface waters and water/air mercury flux in reservoirs on Wujiang River, Southwest China,

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Temporal and spatial distribution and production of dissolved gaseous mercury in the Bay St. François wetland, in the St. Lawrence River, Quebec, Canada

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Air‐water gas exchange of mercury in the Bay Saint François wetlands: Observation and model parameterization

Air‐water gas exchange of mercury in the Bay Saint François wetlands: Observation and model parameterization

Effect on the Photo-production of Dissolved Gaseous Mercury in Post-desulfurized Seawater Discharged from a Coal-Fired Power Plant

Distribution and production of reactive mercury and dissolved gaseous mercury in surface waters and water/air mercury flux in reservoirs on Wujiang River, Southwest China

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