Temporal and Spatial Differentiation in Urban Resilience and Its Influencing Factors in Henan Province

Abstract

Building resilient cities is playing an increasingly important role in enhancing urban safety and promoting sustainable urban development. However, few scholars pay attention to urban resilience in inland provinces. Choosing Henan Province, as it is a typical representative of China’s major inland economic provinces, has practical guiding significance. This study aims to provide a systematic indicator system and evaluation tool to measure the cuity’s resilience level. Therefore, based on a multidimensional perspective, this paper dissects the urban resilience spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of 18 Henan Province cities with the entropy method, Thiel index, and ESDA (Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis) and explores influencing factors with a spatial econometric model. The main results are as follows: (1) the overall resilience in Henan Province continuously grows, and the resilience level of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area is the highest. In the urban resilience subsystem, economic and social resilience notably drive urban resilience improvement in Henan Province. (2) The spatial difference of urban resilience has been significantly reduced, but the inner metropolitan area presents the characteristics of “core–periphery”. Urban resilience presents a positive spatial correlation, and local spatial agglomeration is relatively stable. (3) Under the state of spatial interaction, urbanization rate, administrative, innovation, market, and industrial structure factors all have significant direct effects and spatial spillover effects on overall resilience, but openness exerts downward pressure on local resilience. (4) On this basis, strategies have been proposed to continuously promote the development of new urbanization, improve the regional coordinated development mechanism, increase market activity, optimize the environment for scientific and educational innovation, and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure. The approach taken in this research may also be useful for developing urban resilience assessment tools in other central plains cities as well as in other cities in the interior of the world with similar conditions.

Evaluation and Factor Analysis for Urban Resilience: A Case Study of Chengdu–Chongqing Urban Agglomeration

“…Secondly, through the analysis of the spatial differentiation characteristics of urban resilience in the study area, this study found that the level of urban resilience in the study area varies greatly, and there is an obvious siphon effect locally. This finding was also confirmed by Zhang et al (2019) [59] and Liu et al (2021) [35]. In the inland urban agglomeration, the scale of different cities varies greatly.…”

“…Das et al (2020) [34] found through a questionnaire survey that the education level, economic development level, and infrastructure level of local people are important factors affecting the urban resilience of the east coast of the Indian Ocean, and put forward urban resilience improvement strategies, such as improving insurance policies and smart asset investment. Liu et al (2021) [35] used a spatial econometric model to study and discover that factors such as urbanization rate and administration all had an important impact on urban resilience in Henan, China, and proposed urban resilience improvement ways, such as continuously promoting the level of new urbanization and optimizing the industrial structure. Khan et al (2021) [36] used structural equation modeling to study and discover that geographic location, government decision-making, and urban financial conditions have a significant impact on urban resilience and gave related methods to improve urban resilience.…”

Spatiotemporal adaptation characteristics and influencing factors of tourism city resilience and residents’ happiness level: Taking Zhangjiajie City as an example

“…当前全球疫情形势越趋复杂， 对中国旅游业发 展造成巨大损害。大量旅游企业面临长期停业、 人 才流失等经营困境， 同时居民失业率上涨、 收入不 确定性增加及消费降级等问题也随之而来 [1][2][3] ， 这 对以旅游业为支柱产业的旅游城市提出了严峻挑 战 [4] 。城市韧性作为一种研究和应对风险的新思 路， 重点在于提升城市系统应对风险和适应不确定性 的能力， 追求人与环境系统的协调可持续发展 [5,6] 。 随着旅游城市面临的考验日益增多， 韧性城市建设 已逐渐成为推动旅游城市健康可持续、 提升居民幸 福水平及增进二者适配性的有效途径 [1,7] 下恢复原始状态的能力 [8] 。20 世纪 70 年代， 生态学 家霍林 [9] http://www.resci.net 城市韧性理论的形成奠定了基础 [10] 。2002 年国际 地方政府环境行动理事会首次提出 "韧性城市" 议 题后， 学界掀起城市韧性研究热潮 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] 。城市韧性 是指面对外界干扰和风险时， 能够保持原有特征与 功能， 快速适应并恢复稳定状态的能力， 涵括生态环 境、 经济发展、 社会发展和工程设施等多重维度 [11,12] 。 国内外学者较多从影响因素 [12,13] 、 时空演化 [14,15] 及评 估模型构建 [16,17] 等方面展开研究， 并运用定性分析 [18] 或空间杜宾模型 [19] 、 协调度模型 [20] 等定量方法， 从经 济、 社会、 生态等视角对城市韧性与经济发展水平 [20] 、 城市韧性与公共卫生事件 [18] 、 城市韧性与生态智慧 [21] 等关系进行了探讨。随着相关内容不断深入， 城市 韧性研究逐渐拓展到旅游学领域， 研究重点关注旅 游城市星级饭店韧性 [22] 、 旅游城市供水系统韧性 [23] 、 城市韧性与旅游经济关系 [19] 等， 旅游城市韧性思想 由此初具雏形。居民幸福水平作为衡量城市发展 质量和韧性水平的微观体现 [24] ， 相关研究主要集中 在城市公共资源与民生福利 [25] 、 生态系统服务与居 民福祉 [26] 等方面。随着旅游休闲成为城市居民日常 生活刚需的重要组成部分， 旅游城市发展与居民幸福 水平关系研究也日益受到重视 [27,28] 。2020 年新冠肺 炎疫情爆发以后， 旅游城市成为新冠疫情冲击最为 猛烈的地域主体， 旅游城市风险治理引发关注。有 学者尝试运用城市韧性框架作为应对旅游城市发 展危机、 促进旅游城市可持续发展的恢复路径 [1] ， 并 积极关注疫情后期旅游目的地韧性模型构建 [4] 、 旅 游城市韧性与经济驱动外迁…”

Constructing big data prevention and control model for public health emergencies in China: A grounded theory study

“…Since the 21st century, global public health emergencies have occurred frequently: the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 ( 5 ), Influenza A (H1N1) outbreak in 2009 ( 6 ), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in 2015 ( 7 ), and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in 2019 ( 8 ). Frequent public health emergencies have caused significant damage to people's lives and health as well as the operation of the economy and society ( 9 ). Today, the world is still fighting against COVID-19, at a critical point of great change, differentiation, and adjustment.…”