Temporal analysis of brown eye spot of coffee and its response to the interaction of irrigation with phosphorous levels

Abstract

Brown eye spot (BES—Cercospora coffeicola) is a major disease of coffee, and its occurrence is affected by water supply and nutritional balance. Little is known about the effect of phosphorous (P) on coffee fields under irrigation. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of the interaction between different water application levels and phosphorus levels (5 irrigation levels × 4 phosphorus levels) on the intensity of this disease. The area under the incidence progress curve (AUIPC) was calculated and subjected to analysis of variance. The progress curve of the average incidence of BES varied in both evaluation years. In Year 1 (November 2011 to December 2012), the incidence peaked on August 12, 2012 (22.45%), while in Year 2 (January 2013 to January 2014), the incidence reached its highest level on September 12, 2013 (16.29%). The exponential nonlinear model was adjusted for the two years. There was an interaction between irrigation and phosphorus levels on October 07, 2012. The incidence interacted significantly with the harvest dates. On the first evaluation date, an increase in phosphorus levels at shallower irrigation depths and an absence of phosphate fertilizer at higher irrigation levels caused higher incidences.

Brown eye spot incidence during the vegetative stage of coffee grown in soil under sustainable management

“…This period was characterized by favorable conditions to the disease, with 22ºC average temperature, 69% relative humidity, low rainfall (1.6 mm) and high insolation (208.8 W m -2 ). It is known that the BES intensity varies according to climatic conditions, and that it is favored by high insolation, low water availability and temperatures between 10 and 25ºC (Pozza et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2016Silva et al, , 2019Chaves et al, 2018). This highest incidence in July may have occurred due to nutritional disorders as a consequence of low rainfall during this period, which caused the nutrient imbalance that favored the disease (Chaves et al, 2018).…”

“…It is known that the BES intensity varies according to climatic conditions, and that it is favored by high insolation, low water availability and temperatures between 10 and 25ºC (Pozza et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2016Silva et al, , 2019Chaves et al, 2018). This highest incidence in July may have occurred due to nutritional disorders as a consequence of low rainfall during this period, which caused the nutrient imbalance that favored the disease (Chaves et al, 2018). In addition, the peak of BES severity showed a behavior similar to the incidence, and it occurred under the same conditions and times also reported by Silva et al (2016).…”

“…The annual average temperature is 19.4°C, with 14.4°C as minimum and 21.6°C as maximum. The soil of the experimental area was classified as Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System (Santos et al, 2018), i.e., Oxisol, with clayey texture, with the following composition 440 g kg -1 clay, 90 g kg -1 silt, and 470 g kg -1 sand (Curi et al, 2017).…”

“…Thus, more efficient fertilizers are applied, as they are technologies capable of optimizing the use of nutrients by plants, by reducing losses through leaching and volatilization (Dominghetti et al, 2016). These fertilizers can contribute to the reduction of the brown eye spot incidence, since the disease is favored by nutritional imbalance (Chaves et al, 2018;Silva et al, 2019).…”

Deteksi Penyakit Brown Eye Spot pada Daun Kopi Menggunakan Metode Euclidean Distance dan Hough Transform

“…Penyakit bercak daun pada tumbuhan kopi disebabkan oleh jamur cercospora coffeicola, atau juga biasa disebut menjadi penyakit brown eye spot merupakan penyeba utama penyakit yang menyerang kopi. Penyakit tersebut dipengaruhi oleh persediaan air serta keseimbangan nutrisi pada kopi [1]. Pada daun yang terserang yaitu memiliki gejala diantaranya muncul bercak bulat, berwarna cokelat kemerahan, atau berwarna cokelat tua, memiliki batas jelas, dan konsentris.…”