Temporal Abundance of Different Floral Visitors on Egyptian Clover (<i>Trifolium Alexandrinum</i>L.) and Correlation with Weather Parameters

Jat, Mukesh Kumar; Chaudhary, O. P.; Kaushik, H. D.

doi:10.5958/2230-732x.2014.01373.4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A previous study also revealed that higher abundance was found for solitary bees (Megachile sp.) in T. alexandrinum (Dimitrov et al, 2020) while most of the other studies have reported honey bees (A. dorsata and A. mellifera) as most abundant pollinators visiting T. alexandrinum flowers (Sharma and Singh, 2003;Singh et al, 2012;Jat et al, 2014;Latif et al, 2014). Moreover, previously some studies reported that solitary bees are more abundant in fodder crops i.e., lucerne and Jantar (Cane, 2002;Sajjad et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2009).…”

Section: Mean Values Sharing Similar Letters In Respective Columns Sh...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of Effectiveness among Native Bees in Enhancing Trifolium alexandrinum Seed Production

Ahmad¹,

Ali²,

Sajjad³

et al. 2023

SJA

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Trifolium alexandrinum L. is a multi-cut, winter annual fodder crop in the South Punjab region of Pakistan. Being cross pollinated crop, better seed production of T. alexandrinum depends upon insect pollinators. Current study was planned to find effective native insect pollinators which play a crucial role in enhancing seed production of T. alexandrinum. The goals were achieved by recording the diversity of insect pollinators, abundance, foraging activity and most importantly pollination efficiency in a single visit in terms of reproductive success parameters (head size, florets per head, seed count/head, seed mass/head and seed mass of 1000 seeds). The pollinator's community was composed of 06 Hymenoptera, 03 Diptera and 02 Lepidoptera species. It was found that the total abundance of a solitary bee Pesudapis oxybeloides was higher followed by a honey bee, Apis mellifera and a syrphid fly, Eristalinus aeneus. Moreover, solitary bee P. oxybeloides was detected as the most efficient pollinator based on rate of visitation and pollinator efficiency in a single visit, followed by A. mellifera and A. dorsata. The seed set in open pollination (free insect visits) was 58 and 70% higher and seed weight of 1000 seeds respectively as compared to self-pollination (no insect visits). Hence, conserving these most efficient native pollinators can lead to higher seed yield of T. alexandrinum and other seed crops in South Punjab, Pakistan.

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Section: Mean Values Sharing Similar Letters In Respective Columns Sh...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of Effectiveness among Native Bees in Enhancing Trifolium alexandrinum Seed Production

Ahmad¹,

Ali²,

Sajjad³

et al. 2023

SJA

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“…cerana was observed during 1700-1900, 1500-1700, 1500-1700 and 1500-1700 hours of the day, respectively. Nagpal (2016)23 and Jat et al (2013)16 also reported that A. florea spent the maximum time per flower (6.08 sec), which was followed by A. dorsata (3.41 sec), A.…”

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confidence: 94%

Diversity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators in early sown rapeseed-mustard genotypes

Poonam¹,

Yadav²,

Jat³

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Ecol.

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A study was carried out on the diversity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators in early sown rapeseed-mustard genotypes through observing a total of 17 insect species visited flowers of early sown genotypes viz., 9 Hymenopterans, 3 Dipterans, 4 Lepidopterans, and 1 Coleopteran. The abundance (bees/m2/5 min) of A. florea was highest (8.5) followed by A. mellifera (3.9), A. dorsata (3.6) and A. cerana (3.1). The abundance of bee species was maximum (5.6 bees/m2/5 min) in genotypes TH 68 and SANGAM. A. cerana foraged a maximum number of flowers per minute (18.20) followed by A. dorsata (17.57), A. mellifera (17.32) and A. florea (6.45). The foraging rate (flowers/min) of all bee species was maximum (14.98 and 14.90) in genotypes TH 68 and SANGAM. Time spent per flower (sec) was maximum (5.3) by A. florea followed by A. dorsata (1.7), A. mellifera (1.6) and A. cerana indica (1.3). The maximum time spent per flower by all bee species (2.6) was in genotype PDZ 9. Nectar or pollen gatherers were maximum in A. dorsata (37.8% and 25.6%, respectively), while both nectar and pollen gatherers were maximum in A. cerana (45.3%). Nectar foraging, pollen foraging and both nectar and pollen foraging were maximum at peak flowering (36.0%), peak flowering (23.8%) and flowering cessation (42.9%), respectively. Out of the total foragers, top workers were maximum in A. dorsata (97.8%), while side workers were maximum in A. florea (41.0%).

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Morphology of flower bud differentiation and floral organ specialization in Caucasian clover

Zhang,

Wang,

Hampton

et al. 2024

Grass and Forage Science

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Flower bud differentiation is the commencement of plant reproductive development. Flower organ specialization follows flower bud differentiation. This biological mechanism controls whether plants reproduce successfully via seed. Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum) is used in mixed temperate pastures. However, its low natural seed setting rate contributes to a low seed yield. This study aimed to elucidate how the reproductive biology of Caucasian clover could affect seed production. Caucasian clover flower bud differentiation and flower organ development were systematically examined. Flower bud differentiation has six consecutive stages: pre‐differentiation, differentiation of the inflorescence, the floret, the perianth, the stamen, and finally the pistil primordium. The anther has two chambers. Pollen grains have six development phases: the tetraspore, early‐uninucleate, late‐uninucleate, vegetative cell and germ‐cell form, binucleate, and maturation phase. The microspore tetrad is tetrahedral, and the mature pollen grains are bicellular. Pollen grain viability was found 35%. The Caucasian clover monocarpelate ovary contains 1–2 ovules that are covered with a 2‐layer integument. The ovule is anatropous. The embryo sac development type is a polygonum. The floral formula is “⚥↑K(5) C1+1+2 A(9)+1 G(1:1:1−2)”. These genetic traits of two pollen sacs and low viability pollen grains may be responsible for the low natural seed setting. Poor seed setting may also be due to embryo sac dysplasia that leads to ovule sterility. Therefore, the breeding aim should be to improve pollen viability, to decrease embryo sac dysplasia and to reduce embryo abortion that could be targeted for genetic improvement to enhance seed yields.

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Temporal Abundance of Different Floral Visitors on Egyptian Clover (Trifolium AlexandrinumL.) and Correlation with Weather Parameters

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Effectiveness among Native Bees in Enhancing Trifolium alexandrinum Seed Production

Assessment of Effectiveness among Native Bees in Enhancing Trifolium alexandrinum Seed Production

Diversity, abundance and foraging behaviour of pollinators in early sown rapeseed-mustard genotypes

Morphology of flower bud differentiation and floral organ specialization in Caucasian clover

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