Template-Free and Direct Electrochemical Deposition of Hierarchical Dendritic Gold Microstructures: Growth and Their Multiple Applications

Ye, Weichun; Yan, Junfeng; Ye, Qian; Zhou, Feng

doi:10.1021/jp105929b

Cited by 174 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The gold dendrite was electrochemically deposited on the Ti substrate using chronoamperometry (CA) at a potential of −0.55 V vs. Ag/AgCl (sat'd KCl) for 600s in an aqueous solution containing 0.03 M HAuCl 4 and 0.1 M Na 2 SO 4 . 18 The gold dendrite on the Ti foil was washed with the DI water and dried at room temperature. The dendrite structure could be optimized by altering the potential, temperature, and precursor concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂

Kim

Cho

Lee

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of iridium-oxide (IrO 2 ) are reported. IrO 2 was electrochemically deposited on the gold dendrite template prepared by the chronoamperometry. The influence of the synthetic condition on the morphology, phase composition, and accessible surface area of the IrO 2 dendrites was investigated. The optimized IrO 2 dendrites showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity toward oxygen evolution with a low overpotential of 240 mV at 5 mAcm −2 and to the sensing of hydrogen peroxide with a high sensitivity of 692. The advantageous features of iridium oxide (IrO 2 ) include a high stability with exceptional resolution and corrosion resistances, reversible redox properties, and a sound biocompatibility for use in implantable devices. Due to these characteristic features, IrO 2 has been investigated for electrocatalytic applications such as water splitting, [1][2][3] pH sensing, 4,5 and amperometric biosensing; 6,7 however, its high cost and limited abundance require the most-efficient utilization of IrO 2 possible. 8,9 To enhance the electrocatalytic activity of IrO 2 at a low cost, IrO 2 catalyst is designed into a nanostructure. The structurally controlled IrO 2 catalyst can provide a large and accessible active surface area, and it facilitates electro-and mass transport. For these reasons, several researchers have developed the IrO 2 nanostructures in different ways. Electrodeposited IrO 2 nanoparticles for pH sensing were reported by Kim et al. 4 The preparation of IrO 2 nanofibers using electrospinning technique, and their application in ascorbic acid sensor electrode with binder was reported by Kim et al. 6 Sun et al. prepared IrO 2 nanorods using a CdSe/CdS/TiO 2 -nanorod template at 480• C. 10 With the use of a colloidal-SiO 2 template and heat-treatment, macroporous IrO 2 was prepared by Hu et al. 11 The reported IrO 2 structures were prepared via complex processes at high annealing temperatures or with the use of a template that required a multi-step preparation.As is well known, a dendrite structure, consisting of a main stem and numerous side branches, receives significant attention as a catalyst and other technological fields. The large surface area, short diffusion length, and sound mechanical integrity of the dendrite can provide both an extraordinarily high activated surface and a robust stability that are due to the micro-and nano-sized assemblies.12-15 To directly synthesize a metal dendrite on a conductive substrate, electrodeposition can be easily employed without any post-treatment at room temperature.Here, we introduce a simple method to achieve IrO 2 dendrite; the gold dendrite was prepared on titanium (Ti) foil using a facile electrodeposition (ED), and IrO 2 was then electrochemically deposited on the gold dendrite. There are only a few studies on the IrO 2 dendrite in the literature. The dendritic structure of IrO 2 was well controlled by the electrodeposition cycle number. An optimized IrO 2 electrode was applied to the electrocatalytic application f...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂

Kim

Cho

Lee

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The whisker structure caused gas bubbles to leave the electrode surface and to have a smaller size than that of gas bubbles on a flat surface. Several studies have fabricated 3D electrode structures (i.e., dendrites) by using electroplating, to increase the active surface area and capacitor capacity [16][17][18][19][20]. The gas bubbles that formed at the tip of the dendrites collapsed to form a International Journal of Electrochemistry 3 large bubble before escaping from the electrode.…”

Section: Ohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of the Electrode Overpotential of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Electrode Surface Modification

Chiu

et al. 2017

International Journal of Electrochemistry

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Metal-air batteries exhibit high potential for grid-scale energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density, their abundance in the earth's crust, and their low cost. In these batteries, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurs on the air electrode during charging. This study proposes a method for improving the OER electrode performance. The method involves sequentially depositing a Ni underlayer, Sn whiskers, and a Ni protection layer on the metal mesh. Small and uniform gas bubbles form on the Ni/Sn/Ni mesh, leading to low overpotential and a decrease in the overall resistance of the OER electrode. The results of a simulated life cycle test indicate that the Ni/Sn/Ni mesh has a life cycle longer than 1,300 cycles when it is used as the OER electrode in 6 M KOH.

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“…In the case of honeycomb copper deposition, the growth occurs under non-equilibrium conditions, which leads to diffusion-limited aggregated growth and the formation of dendrites. [36] The hydrogen bubbles formed at the newly deposited copper generate turbulence in the electrolyte at the surface that disrupts continuous growth and results in dendritic formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Synthesis of Porous Honeycomb Cu/Pd through a Hydrogen‐Bubble Templating Method

Najdovski

Selvakannan

O’Mullane

et al. 2011

Chemistry A European J

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A rapid electrochemical method based on using a clean hydrogen‐bubble template to form a bimetallic porous honeycomb Cu/Pd structure has been investigated. The addition of palladium salt to a copper‐plating bath under conditions of vigorous hydrogen evolution was found to influence the pore size and bulk concentration of copper and palladium in the honeycomb bimetallic structure. The surface was characterised by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which revealed that the surface of honeycomb Cu/Pd was found to be rich with a Cu/Pd alloy. The inclusion of palladium in the bimetallic structure not only influenced the pore size, but also modified the dendritic nature of the internal wall structure of the parent copper material into small nanometre‐sized crystallites. The chemical composition of the bimetallic structure and substantial morphology changes were found to significantly influence the surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopic response for immobilised rhodamine B and the hydrogen‐evolution reaction. The ability to create free‐standing films of this honeycomb material may also have many advantages in the areas of gas‐ and liquid‐phase heterogeneous catalysis.

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Template-Free and Direct Electrochemical Deposition of Hierarchical Dendritic Gold Microstructures: Growth and Their Multiple Applications

Cited by 174 publications

References 52 publications

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂

Reduction of the Electrode Overpotential of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Electrode Surface Modification

Rapid Synthesis of Porous Honeycomb Cu/Pd through a Hydrogen‐Bubble Templating Method

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Template-Free and Direct Electrochemical Deposition of Hierarchical Dendritic Gold Microstructures: Growth and Their Multiple Applications

Cited by 174 publications

References 52 publications

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H2O2

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H2O2

Reduction of the Electrode Overpotential of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Electrode Surface Modification

Rapid Synthesis of Porous Honeycomb Cu/Pd through a Hydrogen‐Bubble Templating Method

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Product

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Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂

Iridium Oxide Dendrite as a Highly Efficient Dual Electro-Catalyst for Water Splitting and Sensing of H₂O₂