Template‐Assisted Electrospun Ordered Hierarchical Microhump Arrays‐Based Multifunctional Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Tactile Sensing and Animal Voice‐Emotion Identification

Abstract

The development of flexible and adaptable multifunctional sensing systems for human–machine interaction, especially for animal voice‐emotion identification, is highly desirable yet quite challenging. Herein, a multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on ordered hierarchical microhump arrays is proposed and fabricated by template‐assisted electrospinning with a facile, low‐cost, and expandable manufacturing process. Performances of a single‐electrode TENG based on the patterned nanofiber films with microhump arrays (NFM‐TENG) are studied in detail by varying mesh number of the template. Electric field structure of the collector is altered by pore sizes, wire diameters, and protrusions of the receiving templates subjected to different mesh numbers, generating different degrees of microhump arrays on the surface of the nanofiber film. NFM‐TENG demonstrates high sensitivity (15.94 mV Pa−1), fast response and recovery time (76 and 58 ms), a large power density of 122 mW m−2, and excellent ability of structural retention. Integrated with four functions of energy harvesting, pressure sensing, human physiological sensing, and animal voice‐emotion identification, NFM‐TENG achieves real‐time monitoring of human physiological, motion, handwriting, and animal voice‐emotion signals without an external power supply. This study shows significant application strategies for self‐powered human–machine interaction devices, novel animal voice‐emotion identification, biodiversity conservation, and so on.

Emerging Trends of Nanofibrous Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Applications: Mechanisms, Electroactive Materials, and Designed Architectures

“…Other micropatterned designs have also been developed to improve the response time and output. [318][319][320] In summary, with further optimization of the materials design and device structure, nanofiber-based PTEGs are expected to show greater development in the field of human-computer interactions in the future. Several issues need to be addresses to achieve textile-circuit integration, including materials compatibility, manufacturing technology, size matching, and stability.…”

Holistic and localized preparation methods for triboelectric sensors: principles, applications and perspectives

“…Therefore, evaluating the comprehensive situation of various preparation methods is the top priority for researchers. We have consulted a large number of articles and conducted in-depth evaluations on the preparation of triboelectric sensors using 3D printing [106][107][108][109][110][111][112], MEMS technology [41,[113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120], textile processes [64,[121][122][123][124][125][126][127], template-assisted methods [128][129][130][131][132][133][134], and materials synthesis methods [86,87,[135][136][137][138]. We have proposed evaluating the various benefits of various preparation processes, including material selection (figure 8 In terms of material selection, we evaluate it from the aspects of material type, material properties, ability to prepare microstructures, ability to doped, and sustainability; in terms of technical maturity, we mainly evaluate from application cases, standardization and normalization, process stability, technology iteration speed, and industry recognition; in terms of process difficulty, we mainly evaluate the batch production capacity, complexity of process flow, difficulty in parameter control, difficulty in material processing, and yield rate; in terms of preparation efficiency, we mainly evaluate production speed, automation level, batch production capacity, process cycle time, and material utilizat...…”

Flexible Self-Powered Low-Decibel Voice Recognition Mask

“…The characteristics of TENG, such as self-powering capabilities, high sensitivity, and efficiency, facilitate the applications of intelligent sensing technologies in our daily lives. For instance, integrating TENG into gesture recognition [42][43][44], intelligent IoT [45][46][47], wearable devices [48][49][50], automated monitoring [51][52][53], and speech recognition [39,[54][55][56]. Despite significant advancements in speech recognition technology, challenges persist in certain specific application scenarios regarding accuracy and stability.…”